Photosynthesis Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of photosynthesis?

  • To produce oxygen as a byproduct
  • To break down organic compounds into carbon dioxide
  • To convert light energy into chemical energy (correct)
  • To regulate Earth's temperature

Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?

  • In the stroma of chloroplasts
  • In the cytoplasm of plant cells
  • In the mitochondria of plant cells
  • In the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts (correct)

What is the byproduct of the light-dependent reactions?

  • Carbon dioxide
  • Glucose
  • Oxygen (correct)
  • Water

What is necessary for the Calvin cycle to continue?

<p>Regeneration of RuBP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal temperature range for photosynthesis?

<p>20-30°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of phytoplankton in aquatic food webs?

<p>To support aquatic food webs through photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Overview of Photosynthesis

  • Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds, such as glucose.

Light-Dependent Reactions

  • Take place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts
  • Light energy is absorbed by pigments such as chlorophyll and converted into ATP and NADPH
  • Water is oxidized, releasing oxygen as a byproduct

Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)

  • Take place in the stroma of chloroplasts
  • Carbon dioxide is fixed into glucose using ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions
  • Regeneration of RuBP, the five-carbon sugar, is necessary for the cycle to continue

Overall Equation

  • 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

  • Light: intensity, quality, and duration affect photosynthetic rate
  • Temperature: optimal temperatures vary among species, but generally between 20-30°C
  • Water: availability and drought can limit photosynthesis
  • CO2: concentration and availability can limit photosynthesis

Importance of Photosynthesis

  • Provides energy and organic compounds for plants to grow and develop
  • Supports aquatic food webs through phytoplankton
  • Produces oxygen as a byproduct, essential for most living organisms

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