Phonics and Morphemes: Decoding Words

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of phonics in reading?

  • To memorize the meanings of words
  • To understand the context of sentences
  • To learn the sounds of letters and groups of letters (correct)
  • To improve vocabulary through writing

Which of the following statements about morphemes is NOT true?

  • Root words represent the most basic part of a word.
  • Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words.
  • Morphemes always occur as entire words. (correct)
  • Morphemes can be prefixes or suffixes.

In the pronunciation of the word 'cycle', how is the 'cy' portion pronounced?

  • kay
  • kuh
  • si (correct)
  • sih

What does the prefix 'bi-' in the word 'bicycle' imply?

<p>Two (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the correct breakdown of the word 'cyclops' using phonics?

<p>sy-kl-ops (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a suffix play in the word 'cycling'?

<p>It indicates the act of performing the action of the root word. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of prefixes in morphemes?

<p>To add meaning to the end of a word (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many sounds can the letter 'A' produce according to phonics?

<p>Two sounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a suffix that changes the meaning of a root word?

<p>-er (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms represents the most basic form of a word?

<p>Root word (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Morpheme?

The smallest unit of meaning in a word, like prefixes, suffixes, and root words.

What is phonics?

A method for learning the sounds of letters and letter groups to read and pronounce words.

Prefix

A part added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning, like 'pre-' in 'preheat' or 'un-' in 'unhappy'.

Root word

The core part of a word that carries its basic meaning, like 'cycle' in 'bicycle' or 'happy' in 'unhappy'.

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Suffix

A part added to the end of a word to modify its meaning, like '-ing' in 'cycling' or '-ness' in 'happiness'.

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Sounding out a word

Pronouncing a word by breaking it down into its individual sounds, using knowledge of letter sounds and their combinations.

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Decoding with morphemes

Using morphemes to understand the meaning of a word by breaking it down into its parts (prefix, root word, suffix).

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Decoding a word

Combining phonics and morphemes skills to understand the pronunciation and meaning of a word.

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What does 'cycling' mean?

The act of riding a bicycle.

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What is a 'bicycle'?

A vehicle with two wheels that you pedal.

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Study Notes

Decoding Words

  • Phonics: A method of learning letter and letter-group sounds to correctly pronounce words. Each letter can make one or more sounds.

  • Morphemes: Smallest meaningful units in words. Types include:

    • Prefixes: Added before root words (e.g., "in-" in "inside," "para-" in "parachute").
    • Root words: The basic part of a word.
    • Suffixes: Added after root words (e.g., "-om" in "boredom").

Decoding "Cycle"

  • Phonics: "Cycle" is broken down phonetically into "si-kull." The "c" sounds like "s," "y" like "i," and "cle" like "kull."

  • Morphemes: "Cycle" can have its meaning changed by adding prefixes or suffixes. For example, adding "bi-" forms "bicycle," and adding "-ing" forms "cycling."

Decoding "Cyclops"

  • Phonics: "Cyclops" is decoded as "sy-kl-ops." The "c" sounds like "s," "y" sounds like "i," "cl" sounds like "kl," and "ops" is pronounced as expected.

  • Morphemes: "Cyclops" has the root "cycle," and the suffix "ops" meaning "eyes." The word refers to a creature with a single round eye.

Decoding "Transport"

  • Phonics: "Trans" is a prefix meaning "across" or "through." "Port" means "carry."

  • Morphemes: Putting these together, "transport" means to move something across or through (e.g., from one place to another).

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