Phlebotomy Essentials

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Questions and Answers

What does color-coding for needles typically indicate?

  • Length
  • Manufacturer
  • Gauge (correct)
  • Anticoagulant

Which of the following blood analytes is light-sensitive?

  • Calcium
  • Lead
  • Bilirubin (correct)
  • Glucose

What is the purpose of the Monoject Monoletter?

  • A safety device for collecting capillary blood
  • A safety device for collecting specimens by venipuncture (correct)
  • A safe method to dispose of sharps
  • A safety device for collecting arterial blood gas specimens

What additive is typically found in yellow-topped vacuum collection tubes?

<p>Sodium polyanetholesulfonate (SPS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum penetration depth of lancets for blood collection in newborns?

<p>2.0 mm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hemolyzed specimens on laboratory testing results?

<p>Chemical interference with lab assays (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Pareto chart in quality improvement methodologies?

<p>To identify and prioritize problems for correction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a person who has too little hemoglobin or a decreased number of red blood cells?

<p>Anemic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the total volume of blood that is composed of formed elements?

<p>45 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the liquid portion of the blood that remains after clotting?

<p>Serum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the instrument used to speed the removal of serum by spinning the blood?

<p>Centrifuge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does RFID stand for?

<p>Radio Frequency Identification Device (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal blood pH range of the human body?

<p>7.35 to 7.45 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tube is used to collect blood for lead levels?

<p>Tan-topped tube (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of phlebotomists in the laboratory testing process?

<p>Collecting and processing blood specimens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of erythrocytes?

<p>They are produced in the lymph nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of thrombocytes in the body?

<p>To form blood clots (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of the cause and nature of disease?

<p>Pathology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which department would a phlebotomist most likely collect blood from a patient who is a few hours to a few days old?

<p>Neonatology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of using flowcharts to improve laboratory testing processes?

<p>Quality improvement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a factor that can affect the quality of blood specimens?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of consulting with the pharmacy department when collecting blood for drug levels?

<p>To determine the timing of blood collection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Color-Coding and Needles

  • Color-coding for needles indicates gauge.

Light-Sensitive Blood Analytes

  • Bilirubin is a light-sensitive blood analyte.

Blood Collection Devices

  • The Monoject Monoletter is a safety device for collecting specimens by venipuncture.

Vacuum Collection Tubes

  • The yellow-topped vacuum collection tube has sodium polyanetholesulfonate (SPS) as an additive.

Blood Collection for Newborns

  • For newborns, the penetration depth of lancets for blood collection must be less than 2.4 mm.

Cytogenetic Analysis

  • Cytogenetic analysis requires whole blood collected in a green-topped tube.

Laboratory Report Forms

  • Patient and physician identification, date and time of collection, and reference ranges are required on a laboratory report form.
  • Patient and physician addresses are not required on a laboratory report form.

Pre-Analytic Variables

  • The patient eating a hearty breakfast is a pre-analytic variable that might affect laboratory testing results.

Hemolyzed Specimens

  • Hemolyzed specimens cause chemical interference with lab assays.

Blood and Laboratory Testing

  • The study of the nature and cause of disease is known as Pathology.
  • The body contains approximately 5 liters of blood.
  • Erythrocytes are Red Blood Cells (RBCs).
  • Leukocytes are White Blood Cells (WBCs).
  • Thrombocytes are Platelets.

Blood Cells and Phlebotomy

  • Mature Red Blood Cells live for approximately 120 days in the bloodstream.
  • The iron-containing pigment of Red Blood Cells is called Hemoglobin.
  • Phlebotomists are primarily responsible for the Pre-analytical phase of laboratory testing.
  • Phlebotomists collecting blood in the neonatology department perform blood collections on patients who are hours to a few days old.

Laboratory Testing and Quality Improvement

  • A primary consultant on the timing for collecting blood for drug levels is found in the Pharmacy department.
  • Blood cells begin their formation in the Bone Marrow and Lymph Nodes.
  • Flowcharts are used to break out components into a diagram to understand a process.
  • Pareto charts are used to make bar charts that show the frequency of problems.

Blood Composition and Transfusions

  • The formed elements of blood make up approximately 45% of the total volume.
  • Liquid (Plasma) makes up approximately 55% of the total volume of blood.
  • When blood is removed from the body, the blood clots and the liquid portion are called Serum.
  • The instrument used to speed the removal of Serum by spinning the blood is called a Centrifuge.
  • A person who has too little Hemoglobin or a decreased number of Red Blood Cells is known to be Anemic.
  • The process of determining if a person will react after a transfusion is called a Type and Cross-match.

Phlebotomy and Transportation

  • The supine position refers to lying face-up on their back.
  • An RFID is an Identification tag using silicon chips and a wireless receiver.
  • Blood for lead levels needs to be collected in a Royal Blue-topped tube.
  • Serum should be transported to the laboratory for testing and separated from blood cells within 2 hours to prevent erroneous results.

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