Philosophy and Freud's Development Stages
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Questions and Answers

According to Western philosophers, what is beauty traditionally viewed as?

  • A subjective experience
  • A cultural construct
  • An immoral concept
  • An objective quality (correct)

    • David Hume believed that beauty is purely objective and does not depend on personal preference.

    False

    Who stated that 'beauty is a response to love and desire'?

    Plato

    According to Aristotle, beauty can be demonstrated by __________ sciences.

    <p>mathematical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following philosophers with their views on beauty:

    <p>St. Augustine = Beauty as a delight Immanuel Kant = Subjective judgment of taste Francis Hutcheson = Perception through internal senses Aristotle = Order and symmetry definition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Immanuel Kant say about the judgment of taste?

    <p>It is purely aesthetic and subjective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus during the anal stage of development?

    <p>Control over defecation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Beauty has consistently been a central theme in philosophical inquiry since the 20th century.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the quote by Helen Keller suggest about beauty?

    <p>Beauty must be felt by the heart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Maturity in the anal stage results in an inability to control oneself.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complex arises during the phallic stage of development?

    <p>Oedipus complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a child is weaned harshly, they may become fixated at the __________ stage.

    <p>oral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the developmental stage with its focus:

    <p>Oral Stage = Dependency and oral fixation Anal Stage = Control over defecation Phallic Stage = Genital stimulation and Oedipus complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a child is fixated in the oral stage?

    <p>They seek constant oral stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anal stage of development is characterized by a focus on the stimulation of the genitals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range during which the phallic stage occurs?

    <p>3 to 6 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for vasopressin?

    <p>Anti-diuretic hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Urban settings are generally less welcoming for same-gender interest compared to rural areas.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does vasopressin play in forming relationships according to the research on prairie voles?

    <p>It is involved in long-term relationship bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    STDs can also be transmitted non-sexually, such as from mother to infant during _____ and through blood transfusion.

    <p>pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following factors with their descriptions:

    <p>Family influences = Impact on children's sexual stereotypes Urban setting = Friendlier environment for same-gender interest History of sexual abuse = Possible influence on sexual orientation STI = Infection acquired through sexual contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenges do LGBTQ+ individuals face in rural areas?

    <p>High level of intolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is substantial evidence linking childhood abuse to sexual orientation in adulthood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do experts prefer to call sexually transmitted diseases to better reflect their nature?

    <p>Sexually transmitted infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the specific objectives of the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012?

    <p>Reduce the under-five mortality rate by two-thirds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 aims to reduce the naturally mortality ratio by half.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is used in Natural Family Planning to identify fertile and infertile phases?

    <p>Body's natural physiological changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Healthy mothers produce __________ children.

    <p>healthy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the advantages of family planning with the correct beneficiary:

    <p>Enables her to regain health after delivery = Mother Lightens the burden of supporting the family = Father Will receive all attention, security, love, and care = Children Gives him time for personal advancement = Father</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT an advantage of using Family Planning?

    <p>Increases chances of healthy pregnancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Lactation Amenorrhea Method (LAM) is a type of Natural Family Planning.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one disadvantage associated with family planning methods?

    <p>Birth control health risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following chemicals is most closely associated with the feelings of love?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Newly smitten lovers tend to see their partner's flaws more clearly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is referred to as the 'cuddle hormone'?

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Serotonin affects various functions including mood, appetite, and _____ behavior.

    <p>social</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does oxytocin have on relationships?

    <p>It deepens feelings of attachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their primary functions:

    <p>Dopamine = Increased energy and focused attention Serotonin = Regulation of mood and appetite Oxytocin = Bonding and attachment Vasopressin = Emotional connection and social behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Attachment is the first stage of love according to the discussed stages.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The feeling of wanting to bear children and love them wholeheartedly is tied to the hormone _____ and vasopressin.

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Nature of Beauty

    • Beauty is subjective, not objective.
    • Beauty is associated with pleasure and personal preference.
    • Philosophers have debated the nature of beauty since ancient times.

    Western Philosophical Views on Beauty

    • Ancient philosophers, like Plato and Aristotle, viewed beauty as an objective quality.
    • 18th-century philosophers, like David Hume and Immanuel Kant, saw beauty as subjective.

    Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development

    • The Oral Stage (birth to 18 months)
      • Infants derive pleasure from sucking, biting, and chewing.
      • Fixation in this stage can lead to oral habits in adulthood, such as smoking or nail-biting.
    • The Anal Stage (18 months to 3 years)
      • Toddlers focus on pleasure derived from controlling bowel movements.
      • Fixation in this stage can lead to personality traits associated with control or rebellion.
    • The Phallic Stage (3 to 6 years)
      • Children become aware of their genitals and derive pleasure from genital stimulation.
      • The Oedipus complex emerges, where children develop feelings for the parent of the opposite sex.

    The Biology of Love

    • Dopamine: Associated with intense feelings of pleasure and reward.
    • Serotonin: Contributes to feelings of happiness, well-being, and attraction.
    • Oxytocin: The "cuddle hormone", released during sex and childbirth.
      • Promotes bonding between partners and mothers and infants.
    • Vasopressin: Related to long-term commitment and attachment.

    Factors Influencing Sexual Self

    • Family influences: Parental teachings and societal expectations contribute to shaping an individual's sexual identity.
    • Urban settings: Larger cities may offer greater acceptance and opportunities for LGBTQ+ individuals.
    • History of sexual abuse: While there's no direct correlation between abuse and sexual orientation, abuse can impact an individual's sexual development.

    Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

    • STDs are infections acquired through sexual contact.
    • They are passed through bodily fluids like blood and semen.
    • Symptoms are not always present, making early detection challenging.
    • STDs can also be transmitted non-sexually, such as during pregnancy or blood transfusions.

    Republic Act No. 10354 (Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012)

    • Aims to improve the healthcare and reproductive health of Filipinos.
    • Focuses on family planning, contraceptive use, and reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS.

    Advantages and Disadvantages of Family Planning

    • Benefits:
      • Allows for better spacing between children.
      • Improves maternal health.
      • Provides more time for parents to focus on their family and personal goals.
    • Disadvantages:
      • Potential health risks associated with certain methods.
      • Risk of pregnancy despite using some methods.
      • Concerns regarding ethical and religious objections to certain methods.

    The Natural Family Planning (NFP) Method

    • Based on identifying the fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle.
    • Uses natural methods like tracking body temperature and cervical mucus to predict ovulation.
    • Also known as fertility-based awareness methods.

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    Description

    Explore the intricate interplay between the philosophical views on beauty and Freud's psychosexual stages of development. This quiz delves into both ancient and modern perspectives on beauty and how early childhood experiences can shape personality traits. Test your knowledge on these fundamental concepts in psychology and philosophy.

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