Philippines Executive Branch Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a qualification to become President of the Philippines?

  • Able to read and write
  • At least 35 years old (correct)
  • Natural-born citizen
  • Registered voter

    • The President of the Philippines has the power to grant pardons and amnesty.

    True

    What is the President's role in relation to the armed forces of the Philippines?

    Commander in Chief

    The power to seize private property for public use with just compensation is known as __________.

    <p>eminent domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following powers to their descriptions:

    <p>Pardoning Power = Exempts individuals from punishment Veto Power = Refuse to sign a bill Ordinance Powers = Executive orders and proclamations Budgeting Power = Manage budget expenditures and sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following powers allows the President to supervise local governments?

    <p>Power of General Supervision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum residency requirement for a person to be eligible for the presidency in the Philippines?

    <p>10 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Vice President of the Philippines may assume the presidency only in case of election.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an initiative on statutes?

    <p>To propose national legislation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A referendum on local law gives the electorate the power to propose new laws.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required from the total number of registered voters to exercise the power of initiative or referendum?

    <p>At least 10 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Supreme Court of the Philippines consists of the Chief Justice and ___ Associate Justices.

    <p>14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following courts with their primary function:

    <p>Supreme Court = Highest tribunal in the country Court of Appeals = Handles appeals from lower court Court of Tax Appeals = Specialized in tax disputes Sandiganbayan = Handles cases of public officials' corruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a qualification for the Chief Justice and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court?

    <p>Must be at least 30 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All justices of the Supreme Court must be appointed by the President from a list provided by the Judicial and Bar Council.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what cases does the Sandiganbayan specialize?

    <p>Corruption and graft involving public officials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age requirement to be a member of the House of Representatives in the Philippines?

    <p>25 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Members of the House of Representatives can serve for more than three consecutive terms.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many members are there in the Senate of the Philippines?

    <p>24</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the law-making process in the House of Representatives?

    <p>A bill will originate from a certain House.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Barangay Chairman must be at least 23 years old on the day of the election.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main functions of local government?

    <p>Advisory function and Constituency function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The president can __________ a bill with his objections.

    <p>veto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ of the Philippines can propose, enact, amend, and repeal laws.

    <p>Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the law-making process with their descriptions:

    <p>1st Reading = Read by its number and title 2nd Reading = Open debates and argumentation 3rd Reading = No amendments allowed Committee Stage = Public hearing conducted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens after the approval of the second reading in the House of Representatives?

    <p>The bill is printed and distributed in its final form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following local government positions with their respective levels:

    <p>Punong Barangay = Barangay Municipal Mayor = Municipality City Mayor = City Provincial Governor = Province</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Initiative and Referendum Act allows people to directly propose amendments to the legislative process.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a qualification for a senator in the Philippines?

    <p>Natural-born citizen of the Philippines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Local government officials have the power to maintain public order.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of consecutive terms a member of the House of Representatives can serve?

    <p>Three consecutive terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who appoints the Cabinet Secretaries in the Philippines?

    <p>The President.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of power allows the sovereign people to enact laws?

    <p>Original legislative power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Congress can conduct legislative investigations for purposes not related to legislation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one of the grounds for impeachment.

    <p>Treason</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The power to set aside money for a specific purpose is known as the power of _____

    <p>appropriation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following powers with their correct definitions:

    <p>Power of Taxation = Imposing duties and levies Power to Declare War = Sole authority to declare a state of war Power of Impeachment = Removing an impeachable officer from office Power of Legislative Investigation = Conducting inquiries for legislative aid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an impeachable officer?

    <p>Secretary of Education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Two-thirds of the Senate is required to concur in treaties and international agreements.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must congress do to authorize the release of public funds?

    <p>Set aside money for a specific purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age requirement for a Justice in the Sandiganbayan?

    <p>40 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Writ of Amparo can protect individuals against unlawful detention.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a Writ of Habeas Corpus?

    <p>To protect individuals from unlawful detention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Judges in Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs) must have practiced law for at least ________ years.

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of writs with their functions:

    <p>Writ of Habeas Corpus = Protects against unlawful detention Writ of Amparo = Protection against abuses like extrajudicial killings Writ of Habeas Data = Protects the right to privacy Writ of Kalikasan = Protection related to environmental rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a qualification for judges in Regional Trial Courts (RTCs)?

    <p>At least 40 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The power of contempt can only be applied to individuals disrespecting the court.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Sandiganbayan in the context of impeachment?

    <p>Oversee impeachment trials indirectly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Executive Branch

    • President Qualifications: Naturalized-born citizen of the Philippines, registered voter, able to read and write, at least 40 years old on election day, resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years.
    • Presidential Power: Control over the executive branch (departments, bureaus, officers), ordinance powers (Executive Orders, Administrative Orders, Proclamations, etc.), power over aliens, power of eminent domain, reserving lands, recovery of ill-gotten wealth, power of appointment of officials, power of general supervision over local governments.
    • Military Power: Commander in chief of all armed forces
    • Pardoning/Amnesty Power: Grant reprieves, pardons, and amnesty (exempts from punishment); commutation (reduction of punishment); reprieve (postponement of sentence) ; amnesty (restoring rights)
    • Borrowing Power: May contract or guarantee foreign loans
    • Diplomatic Power: International agreements
    • Budgeting Power: Budget expenditures and sources of financing
    • Veto Power: Refuse to sign a bill

    Vice President

    • Power: Assumes the presidency in cases of death, disability, or resignation; ceremonial function (representing the government internationally); advisory function; constituency function.

    Cabinet Secretary

    • Positions: Appointed by the President, approved by the Commission on Appointments.
    • Power: Alter ego of the President in their respective departments; Power to issue directives relative to their departments; Advisors to their President areas.

    Local Government

    • Positions: Barangay (barangay chairman), Municipality (municipal mayor), City (city mayor), Province (provincial governor).
    • Qualifications: Filipino, able to read and write, registered voter in the locality, resident of the Philippines for at least 1 year on election day, at least 23 years for Governor/Vice Governor, at least 21 years old for Mayor, at least 18 years for Barangay.
    • Power: Exercise general supervision and control over programs, projects, and services; enforce laws and ordinances; ensure the delivery of basic services; negotiate, enter into and sign contracts; maintain public order.

    Legislative Branch

    • Congress: Propose, enact, amend, and repeal laws.
    • Senate: 24 senators; natural-born citizen, at least 35 years old, able to read and write, registered voter, resident for at least two years prior to election.
    • House of Representatives: 250 members, including district, party-list, and sectoral representatives; natural-born citizen, at least 25 years old, able to read and write (except party-list).
    • Privileges: Immunity from arrest, privilege of speech/debate, disclosure of assets, disqualification from holding other public office.
    • Powers: Original legislative power (power of sovereign people to enact laws); Derivative power (power to enact laws delegated by sovereign people to representatives); appropriation; treaty or agreement ratification.

    Power of Legislative Investigation

    • Conduct inquiries and investigations in legislation (e.g., controversies, issues) during sessions.
    • Limitations are that the investigations are only for the purposes of legislation, and conducted in accordance with published rules.

    Power to Declare War

    Joint session assembled of the Congress with a 2/3 vote to pass a state of war.

    Power to Concur in Treaties and International Agreements

    • Requires concurrence of at least two-thirds of Senators.

    Power of Impeachment

    • Removal of presidential officers, vice-president, chief justice, associate justices, chairman and members of the Independent Constitutional Commission, or ombudsman.
    • Grounds for impeachment: treason, bribery, graft and corruption, high crimes, betrayal of public trust.

    Power of Taxation

    • Rule of taxation is uniform and equitable; progressive system; tariffs quotas, tonnage / wharfage, and duties / imposts are possible.

    Law Making

    • Bills originate in the House of Origin; assigned to committee of experts; first reading (number and title); second reading (full debate); third reading (vote). If the other house approves the bill, it goes to the president. President can approve, veto, or suggest edits; House can override a veto.

    Judiciary

    • Supreme Court: 14 Associate Justices (constitutional court, highest tribunal), Chief Justice. Qualifications: natural-born citizen, 40 years old or more, at least 15 years of experience as a judge.
    • Court of Appeals: Handles appeals from lower courts. Presiding Justice and Associate Justices: natural-born citizen, 40 years old, at least 10 years of experience as a judge or in law practice.
    • Court of Tax Appeals: Specialized in tax disputes.
    • Sandiganbayan: Handles cases of public officials related to corruption and graft.
    • Regional Trial Courts (RTCs): General jurisdiction (both criminal and civil cases), natural-born citizen, 35 years or older, at least 10 years experience in law
    • Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs): Less serious offenses, natural-born, 35 years of age at least 5 years experience with law practice

    Power to Issue Writs

    • Habeas Corpus: Protects against unlawful detention.
    • Amparo: Protection against extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances.
    • Habeas Data: Protects the right to privacy (requesting personal data from the government).
    • Kalikasan: Protects environmental rights.
    • Contempt Power: Enforces court orders, punishing disrespect.
    • Power of Impeachment Oversight: oversees impeachment trials, questions of procedure, legality, and intervenes to interpret the Constitution and laws related to the process.

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    Philippines Politics and Governance PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the qualifications, powers, and functions of the Executive Branch of the Philippines, including the President's powers related to military, diplomacy, budgeting, and more. Test your knowledge on the crucial roles and responsibilities held by the head of state in this framework.

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