Philippines Executive Branch Overview
48 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a qualification to become President of the Philippines?

  • Able to read and write
  • At least 35 years old (correct)
  • Natural-born citizen
  • Registered voter

The President of the Philippines has the power to grant pardons and amnesty.

True (A)

What is the President's role in relation to the armed forces of the Philippines?

Commander in Chief

The power to seize private property for public use with just compensation is known as __________.

<p>eminent domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following powers to their descriptions:

<p>Pardoning Power = Exempts individuals from punishment Veto Power = Refuse to sign a bill Ordinance Powers = Executive orders and proclamations Budgeting Power = Manage budget expenditures and sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following powers allows the President to supervise local governments?

<p>Power of General Supervision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum residency requirement for a person to be eligible for the presidency in the Philippines?

<p>10 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Vice President of the Philippines may assume the presidency only in case of election.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an initiative on statutes?

<p>To propose national legislation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A referendum on local law gives the electorate the power to propose new laws.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required from the total number of registered voters to exercise the power of initiative or referendum?

<p>At least 10 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Supreme Court of the Philippines consists of the Chief Justice and ___ Associate Justices.

<p>14</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following courts with their primary function:

<p>Supreme Court = Highest tribunal in the country Court of Appeals = Handles appeals from lower court Court of Tax Appeals = Specialized in tax disputes Sandiganbayan = Handles cases of public officials' corruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a qualification for the Chief Justice and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court?

<p>Must be at least 30 years old (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All justices of the Supreme Court must be appointed by the President from a list provided by the Judicial and Bar Council.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what cases does the Sandiganbayan specialize?

<p>Corruption and graft involving public officials</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum age requirement to be a member of the House of Representatives in the Philippines?

<p>25 years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Members of the House of Representatives can serve for more than three consecutive terms.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many members are there in the Senate of the Philippines?

<p>24 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the law-making process in the House of Representatives?

<p>A bill will originate from a certain House.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Barangay Chairman must be at least 23 years old on the day of the election.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main functions of local government?

<p>Advisory function and Constituency function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The president can __________ a bill with his objections.

<p>veto</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ of the Philippines can propose, enact, amend, and repeal laws.

<p>Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the law-making process with their descriptions:

<p>1st Reading = Read by its number and title 2nd Reading = Open debates and argumentation 3rd Reading = No amendments allowed Committee Stage = Public hearing conducted</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens after the approval of the second reading in the House of Representatives?

<p>The bill is printed and distributed in its final form. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following local government positions with their respective levels:

<p>Punong Barangay = Barangay Municipal Mayor = Municipality City Mayor = City Provincial Governor = Province</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Initiative and Referendum Act allows people to directly propose amendments to the legislative process.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a qualification for a senator in the Philippines?

<p>Natural-born citizen of the Philippines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Local government officials have the power to maintain public order.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of consecutive terms a member of the House of Representatives can serve?

<p>Three consecutive terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who appoints the Cabinet Secretaries in the Philippines?

<p>The President.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of power allows the sovereign people to enact laws?

<p>Original legislative power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Congress can conduct legislative investigations for purposes not related to legislation.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one of the grounds for impeachment.

<p>Treason</p> Signup and view all the answers

The power to set aside money for a specific purpose is known as the power of _____

<p>appropriation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following powers with their correct definitions:

<p>Power of Taxation = Imposing duties and levies Power to Declare War = Sole authority to declare a state of war Power of Impeachment = Removing an impeachable officer from office Power of Legislative Investigation = Conducting inquiries for legislative aid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an impeachable officer?

<p>Secretary of Education (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two-thirds of the Senate is required to concur in treaties and international agreements.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must congress do to authorize the release of public funds?

<p>Set aside money for a specific purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum age requirement for a Justice in the Sandiganbayan?

<p>40 years old (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Writ of Amparo can protect individuals against unlawful detention.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Writ of Habeas Corpus?

<p>To protect individuals from unlawful detention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Judges in Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs) must have practiced law for at least ________ years.

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of writs with their functions:

<p>Writ of Habeas Corpus = Protects against unlawful detention Writ of Amparo = Protection against abuses like extrajudicial killings Writ of Habeas Data = Protects the right to privacy Writ of Kalikasan = Protection related to environmental rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a qualification for judges in Regional Trial Courts (RTCs)?

<p>At least 40 years old (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The power of contempt can only be applied to individuals disrespecting the court.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Sandiganbayan in the context of impeachment?

<p>Oversee impeachment trials indirectly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

President's Power

The President's authority to control the executive branch, issue executive orders, handle aliens matters, manage land, recover ill-gotten wealth, and appoint officials, supervise local government, command military and pardon/amnesty. They can also borrow money, create international agreements/budget, and veto bills.

President's Qualifications

To be President of the Philippines, one must be a naturalized-born citizen, registered voter, able to read and write, at least 40 years of age, and a resident for at least 10 years.

Executive Orders

Formal instructions issued by the President to manage and execute laws and programs.

Vice President's Power

Can take over as President and handle some ceremonial duties, but their core power is as a backup leader or for representing the country in international events.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Eminent Domain

The government's power to take private property for public use, but paying fair compensation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Presidential Pardon

A legal forgiveness granted by the President to a person from punishment for a crime.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pardon vs Commutation

Pardon is forgiveness for a crime, while commutation is a reduction of a penalty..

Signup and view all the flashcards

Amnesty

A general pardon for a group of people who committed offenses. Often political in nature

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cabinet Secretary Power

Cabinet Secretaries are the President's representatives for their respective departments, having the power to issue directives and act as advisors.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Local Government Positions

Local government positions range from Barangay Chairman to Provincial Governor, each with specific responsibilities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Legislative Power

The power to propose, enact, amend, and repeal laws in the Philippines resides with the Congress.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Congress of the Philippines House Representatives

The House of Representatives is part of the Congress, composed of district and party-list representatives.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Senate Qualifications

To be a Senator, Filipinos must be at least 35 years old, natural-born citizens, registered voters and residents for 2 years.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Senate Privileges: Immunity from Arrest

Senators cannot be arrested while the Congress is in session.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Local Government Qualifications

Local government officials (e.g., mayors, governors) must be Filipino citizens, registered voters, and meet age requirements.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Advisory Function of Cabinet

Cabinet Secretaries advise the President on matters concerning their respective departments.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Original legislative power

The power of the people to create laws.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Derivative legislative power

The power of elected representatives to make laws as delegated by the people.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Power of Appropriation

Congress's power to authorize the release of public funds for specific purposes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Power of Legislative Investigation

Congress's power to research and investigate issues, aiding in creating legislation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Power to Declare War

Congress's power to declare war by a special vote.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Power to Concur in Treaties

Senate's power to approve treaties by a specific majority vote.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Power of Impeachment

The power to remove public officials from office for specific offenses.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Taxation Rule

Taxation must be fair and equal for everyone (uniform and equitable) and follow a progressive system.

Signup and view all the flashcards

House of Representatives Qualifications

Requirements to be a member of the House of Representatives in the Philippines, including citizenship, age, literacy, voter registration, residency, and term limits.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bill Origination in the House

A bill begins its journey through the legislative process in a specific House (either the House of Representatives or Senate).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bill First Reading Process

The initial stage of a bill's legislative review, where its number and title are read. It is then assigned to the relevant committee.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bill Committee Review

A crucial step where a bill is examined in detail by a committee, potentially leading to public hearings & recommendations for the next step.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bill Second Reading Process

The bill is read in full, allowing modifications (amendments), debated, and debated again. Following approval, document is printed for the next step.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bill Third Reading Process

The final stage where the bill is voted on without amendments. If approved, the bill moves to the other house.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Initiative Act Purpose

The purpose of initiatives like RA 6735 is to allow citizens to propose laws or constitutional changes via popular vote (Initiative and Referendum).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Initiative Systems

There are three types of initiatives: Initiative on Constitution, local laws and national legislation creation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Initiative on Statutes

A petition seeking to enact a new national law proposed by citizens.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Initiative on Local Legislation

A petition to enact a new regional, provincial, or local law proposed by citizens.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Referendum on Statutes

A vote by citizens to approve or reject laws passed by Congress.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Referendum on Local Law

A vote by citizens to approve or reject laws made by local governments.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Supreme Court

The highest court in the Philippines, responsible for interpreting the Constitution and ensuring laws are followed.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Court of Appeals

The second highest court, handling appeals from lower courts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sandiganbayan

A special court that handles cases related to corruption by public officials

Signup and view all the flashcards

Presiding Justice

The head judge of the Court of Appeals or the Court of Tax Appeals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sandiganbayan Justices Qualifications

To be a Sandiganbayan Justice, you must be a natural-born Filipino citizen, at least 40 years old, and have 10 years of legal experience as a lawyer or judge. They also need the same qualifications as Court of Appeals Justices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Regional Trial Courts (RTCs)

RTCs are the main trial courts in the Philippines, handling both criminal and civil cases.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs)

MTCs are local courts in the Philippines that deal with less serious offenses and civil cases with lower monetary values.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the key difference between RTCs and MTCs in terms of jurisdiction?

RTCs handle criminal and civil cases with no restrictions on the severity of crimes or monetary value. MTCs are for less serious offenses and civil cases with lower monetary values.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Judges' Requirements for RTCs and MTCs

Judges must be natural-born Filipino citizens and meet specific age requirements. For RTCs, they need 10 years of legal experience, and for MTCs, it's 5 years.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the power of contempt?

The court's power to punish actions that disrespect the court or obstruct justice. This can include failing to comply with court orders, showing disrespect, or disrupting proceedings.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the Writ of Habeas Corpus?

This writ protects against unlawful detention. It allows individuals to challenge their imprisonment by demonstrating that they are being held without proper legal justification.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does the power of impeachment oversight mean?

The courts do not directly try impeachment cases, but they oversee the process, upholding the constitutionality and procedural fairness of the process.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Executive Branch

  • President Qualifications: Naturalized-born citizen of the Philippines, registered voter, able to read and write, at least 40 years old on election day, resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years.
  • Presidential Power: Control over the executive branch (departments, bureaus, officers), ordinance powers (Executive Orders, Administrative Orders, Proclamations, etc.), power over aliens, power of eminent domain, reserving lands, recovery of ill-gotten wealth, power of appointment of officials, power of general supervision over local governments.
  • Military Power: Commander in chief of all armed forces
  • Pardoning/Amnesty Power: Grant reprieves, pardons, and amnesty (exempts from punishment); commutation (reduction of punishment); reprieve (postponement of sentence) ; amnesty (restoring rights)
  • Borrowing Power: May contract or guarantee foreign loans
  • Diplomatic Power: International agreements
  • Budgeting Power: Budget expenditures and sources of financing
  • Veto Power: Refuse to sign a bill

Vice President

  • Power: Assumes the presidency in cases of death, disability, or resignation; ceremonial function (representing the government internationally); advisory function; constituency function.

Cabinet Secretary

  • Positions: Appointed by the President, approved by the Commission on Appointments.
  • Power: Alter ego of the President in their respective departments; Power to issue directives relative to their departments; Advisors to their President areas.

Local Government

  • Positions: Barangay (barangay chairman), Municipality (municipal mayor), City (city mayor), Province (provincial governor).
  • Qualifications: Filipino, able to read and write, registered voter in the locality, resident of the Philippines for at least 1 year on election day, at least 23 years for Governor/Vice Governor, at least 21 years old for Mayor, at least 18 years for Barangay.
  • Power: Exercise general supervision and control over programs, projects, and services; enforce laws and ordinances; ensure the delivery of basic services; negotiate, enter into and sign contracts; maintain public order.

Legislative Branch

  • Congress: Propose, enact, amend, and repeal laws.
  • Senate: 24 senators; natural-born citizen, at least 35 years old, able to read and write, registered voter, resident for at least two years prior to election.
  • House of Representatives: 250 members, including district, party-list, and sectoral representatives; natural-born citizen, at least 25 years old, able to read and write (except party-list).
  • Privileges: Immunity from arrest, privilege of speech/debate, disclosure of assets, disqualification from holding other public office.
  • Powers: Original legislative power (power of sovereign people to enact laws); Derivative power (power to enact laws delegated by sovereign people to representatives); appropriation; treaty or agreement ratification.

Power of Legislative Investigation

  • Conduct inquiries and investigations in legislation (e.g., controversies, issues) during sessions.
  • Limitations are that the investigations are only for the purposes of legislation, and conducted in accordance with published rules.

Power to Declare War

Joint session assembled of the Congress with a 2/3 vote to pass a state of war.

Power to Concur in Treaties and International Agreements

  • Requires concurrence of at least two-thirds of Senators.

Power of Impeachment

  • Removal of presidential officers, vice-president, chief justice, associate justices, chairman and members of the Independent Constitutional Commission, or ombudsman.
  • Grounds for impeachment: treason, bribery, graft and corruption, high crimes, betrayal of public trust.

Power of Taxation

  • Rule of taxation is uniform and equitable; progressive system; tariffs quotas, tonnage / wharfage, and duties / imposts are possible.

Law Making

  • Bills originate in the House of Origin; assigned to committee of experts; first reading (number and title); second reading (full debate); third reading (vote). If the other house approves the bill, it goes to the president. President can approve, veto, or suggest edits; House can override a veto.

Judiciary

  • Supreme Court: 14 Associate Justices (constitutional court, highest tribunal), Chief Justice. Qualifications: natural-born citizen, 40 years old or more, at least 15 years of experience as a judge.
  • Court of Appeals: Handles appeals from lower courts. Presiding Justice and Associate Justices: natural-born citizen, 40 years old, at least 10 years of experience as a judge or in law practice.
  • Court of Tax Appeals: Specialized in tax disputes.
  • Sandiganbayan: Handles cases of public officials related to corruption and graft.
  • Regional Trial Courts (RTCs): General jurisdiction (both criminal and civil cases), natural-born citizen, 35 years or older, at least 10 years experience in law
  • Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs): Less serious offenses, natural-born, 35 years of age at least 5 years experience with law practice

Power to Issue Writs

  • Habeas Corpus: Protects against unlawful detention.
  • Amparo: Protection against extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances.
  • Habeas Data: Protects the right to privacy (requesting personal data from the government).
  • Kalikasan: Protects environmental rights.
  • Contempt Power: Enforces court orders, punishing disrespect.
  • Power of Impeachment Oversight: oversees impeachment trials, questions of procedure, legality, and intervenes to interpret the Constitution and laws related to the process.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Philippines Politics and Governance PDF

Description

This quiz covers the qualifications, powers, and functions of the Executive Branch of the Philippines, including the President's powers related to military, diplomacy, budgeting, and more. Test your knowledge on the crucial roles and responsibilities held by the head of state in this framework.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser