Pharmacy: GI Drugs and Reflux Mechanism

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What is the primary function of Urease enzyme secreted by pylori?

Inhibit cell wall synthesis
Convert ammonia to urea
Destroy nucleic acid
Neutralize stomach acid (correct)

What is the mechanism of action of Clarithromycin?

Inhibits protein synthesis (correct)
Disrupts cell wall synthesis
Has an antibiotic effect
Inhibits nucleic acid destruction

What is the purpose of Sucralfate in the treatment of ulcers?

To destroy nucleic acid
To act as a local antiulcer agent (correct)
To disrupt cell wall synthesis
To inhibit protein synthesis

What is the effect of Laxatives on the intestine?

Increase secretion of fluids (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for ulcers?

Relieve symptoms and improve quality of life (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Misoprostol?

Exhibits both antisecretory and cytoprotectant effects (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the lower esophageal sphincter weakens?

Acid refluxes into the esophagus (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the enteric nervous system?

To control cravings and mood (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of somatostatin in the stomach?

To inhibit the release of gastric acid (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about ulcers?

They are permanent and cannot be healed (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the erosion or ulceration of the mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal tract?

Acid-peptic disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the hydrogen potassium pump/proton pump in the stomach?

To pump out H+ ions to form gastric acid (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location of ulcerative colitis in the gastrointestinal tract?

Rectum and colon (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formation of abscesses in the crypts of Lieberkuhn?

Abscess formation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is used to treat constipation-predominant IBS?

Mesapride (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of patients with ulcerative colitis who have extensive colitis (pancolitis)?

14% - 35% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for diarrhea and bleeding in ulcerative colitis?

Mucosal damage and friability of the colon (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of a short segment of the terminal ileum in ulcerative colitis?

Backwash ileitis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of involvement of muscularis propria in the GI tract?

Loss of tonic tone and potential dilation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common site of Crohn's disease?

Ileum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of ulcers in Crohn's disease?

Deep and elongated (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of Crohn's disease?

Small bowel stricture and obstruction (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Methotrexate in IBD?

Anti-metabolite (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Natalizumab in IBD treatment?

Inhibiting leukocyte adhesion and migration (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of budesonide in treating patients with moderate extensive disease?

Alternative to oral 5-ASA products (C) Signup and view all the answers

For which patients is infliximab + azathioprine often used?

Those with moderate to severe active UC (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of vedolizumab?

It can be used as an alternative to TNF-a inhibitors (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are oral sulfasalazine or mesalamine derivatives not typically beneficial in severe disease?

They are rapidly eliminated from the colon due to diarrhea (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of systemic corticosteroids in treating UC?

They are often used in the treatment of moderate to severe active UC (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of using infliximab + azathioprine in patients with acute severe colitis?

To induce corticosteroid-free remission (B) Signup and view all the answers