Pharmacology: Zafirlukast and Montelukast
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Questions and Answers

What is a common side effect of first-generation antihistamines?

  • Decreased airway smooth muscle contraction (correct)
  • Increased risk of cough
  • Decreased mucus secretion
  • Bronchodilation

Which drug is slow in onset and nearly free of side effects?

  • Codeine
  • Inhaled ipratropium (correct)
  • Theophylline
  • Omalizumab

Why has theophylline been largely replaced by β2-agonists and corticosteroids in asthma therapy?

  • Few drug interactions
  • Narrow therapeutic window (correct)
  • High cost
  • Decreased absorption

What does Omalizumab selectively bind to?

<p>Immunoglobulin E (IgE) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is useful in patients who cannot tolerate adrenergic agonists?

<p>Inhaled ipratropium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of using theophylline in asthma therapy?

<p>High side-effect profile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of therapy is considered the first-line treatment for allergic rhinitis?

<p>Oral antihistamines with decongestants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prompted interest in the topical intranasal delivery of drugs for allergic rhinitis?

<p>Systemic effects of oral preparations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of first-generation antihistamines?

<p>Transient anticholinergic side effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of codeine in cough suppression?

<p>Decreasing sensitivity of cough centers in the CNS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drugs have prompted interest in the topical intranasal delivery of medications for allergic rhinitis?

<p>First-generation antihistamines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom may require treatment with a stool softener when associated with chronic use of first-generation antihistamines?

<p>Constipation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect of zafirlukast and montelukast that requires periodic monitoring?

<p>Elevations in serum hepatic enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect associated with the use of cromolyn for asthma?

<p>Irritation of the pharynx and larynx (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs are effective prophylactic anti-inflammatory agents but not useful in managing acute asthma attacks?

<p>Cromolyn and nedocromil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main side effects of using cromolyn for reducing allergic rhinitis symptoms?

<p>Bitter taste and irritation of the pharynx (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs are selective, reversible inhibitors of the cysteinyl leukotriene-1 receptor?

<p>Zafirlukast and zileuton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of anticholinergic agents like cromolyn and nedocromil?

<p>Bitter taste and pharynx irritation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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