EMT Pharmacology Quiz: Antagonistic Medications Explained

Questions and Answers

A medication with antagonistic properties is one that:

Stimulates receptor sites and allows other chemicals to attach to them.

Blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching to them. (correct)

Enhances the effects of another medication when given in a higher dose.

Produces a cumulative effect when mixed with the same type of medication.

Which of these medications can be obtained over-the-counter (OTC)?

Isordil

Digoxin

Nexium (correct)

Lasix

After assisting a patient with her prescribed MDI during an acute asthma attack, you should:

Administer another treatment in 30 seconds if she is still in distress.

Reassess the patient and document her response to the medication. (correct)

Check the drug's expiration date to ensure that it is still current.

Contact medical control and apprise him or her of what you did.

How is nitroglycerin usually given by the EMT?

Sublingually Signup and view all the answers

After confirming the drug's name and expiration date from the epinephrine auto-injector, you should:

Contact medical control. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a rules-based medication error?

The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director. Signup and view all the answers

The EMT should suspect that a patient has overdosed on an opioid drug when:

She received naloxone (Narcan) before the ambulance arrived. Signup and view all the answers

Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are trade (brand) names for the generic medication:

Ibuprofen. Signup and view all the answers

While assisting a paramedic in the attempted resuscitation of a cardiac arrest patient, you should expect the paramedic to:

Administer drugs via the IV route to achieve the fastest effect. Signup and view all the answers

When treating a middle-aged man with chest discomfort and a history of heart attacks, you should:

Confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin and give him aspirin. Signup and view all the answers

A 62-year-old male experiencing crushing chest pain has prescribed nitroglycerin. You should:

Assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg. Signup and view all the answers

An EMT may administer aspirin to a patient if:

Authorization from medical control has been obtained. Signup and view all the answers

Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected of having a heart attack because it:

Prevents the aggregation of platelets. Signup and view all the answers

In ___________ administration, you are administering medication to yourself or your partner.

peer-assisted Signup and view all the answers

Nitroglycerin, when given to patients with cardiac-related chest pain:

Relaxes the walls of the coronary arteries. Signup and view all the answers

Separation is especially an issue with medicine used as a(n):

Suspension. Signup and view all the answers

The __________ of a medication usually dictates the route by which it will be administered.

form Signup and view all the answers

The medical term for a low blood glucose level is:

Hypoglycemia. Signup and view all the answers

The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream is called:

Absorption. Signup and view all the answers

The term 'pharmacology' is MOST accurately defined as:

The study of drugs and their actions on the body. Signup and view all the answers

What medication form does oral glucose come in?

Gel Signup and view all the answers

The medications atorvastatin (Lipitor) and amlodipine (Norvasc) suggest a history of:

Cardiovascular disease. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a generic drug?

Aspirin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medication routes delivers a drug through the skin over an extended period, such as a nitroglycerin or fentanyl patch?

Transcutaneous Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?

Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding parenteral medications is correct?

Parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the epinephrine auto-injector is correct?

The epinephrine auto-injector delivers a preset amount of the drug. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is correct?

An MDI delivers the same amount of medication every time it is used. Signup and view all the answers

With the flowmeter set at 6 L/min, the nasal cannula will deliver up to _______ oxygen.

44% Signup and view all the answers

In treating a 45-year-old woman stung by a hornet, if you are not able to make contact with medical control, you should:

Begin transport to the hospital and closely monitor her condition while en route. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medication Properties

Medications with antagonistic properties block receptor sites, preventing other chemicals from attaching.
Over-the-counter (OTC) medication in the provided list is Nexium.

Asthma Management

Post-assistance with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) for an asthmatic patient, reassess and document the patient's response.

Nitroglycerin Administration

Nitroglycerin is typically administered sublingually.
In cardiac-related chest pain, relaxes coronary arteries, contributing to pain relief.

Allergic Reactions

Signs of severe allergic reactions may be treated with epinephrine; medical control should be contacted upon receipt of an auto-injector from the patient.

Medication Errors

A rules-based medication error occurs when an EMT administers a drug not approved by the medical director.

Opioid Overdose Signs

Administration of naloxone (Narcan) suggests the patient may have overdosed on an opioid.

Common Medications

Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are brand names for ibuprofen.
Aspirin is an example of a generic drug.

Transport and Treatment Protocols

EMTs should administer medications cautiously; authorization from medical control is needed for aspirin in specific cases.
Confirm no allergy before administering aspirin and document related details.

Blood Glucose Levels

Hypoglycemia is the medical term for low blood glucose levels.

Medication Absorption

Absorption is the process through which medications travel through tissues into the bloodstream.

Medication Forms

Oral glucose is available in gel form.
Parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications.

EpiPen Use and Delivery

The epinephrine auto-injector delivers a preset amount of medication and is administered via the subcutaneous route.

Metered-Dose Inhalers

MDIs provide a consistent medication dose with each use.

Oxygen Delivery

A nasal cannula at a flow rate of 6 L/min can deliver oxygen concentration up to 44%.

Emergency Response

In cases of allergic reactions with stable vital signs, begin transport while continuously monitoring the patient.

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Description

Test your knowledge of pharmacology in EMT Chapter 12 with this quiz. Focus on medication properties, including antagonistic effects and receptor interactions. Perfect for students preparing for EMT examinations.

EMT Chapter 12 Pharmacology Quiz