Pharmacology Chapter 15 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Proscar is used to treat which condition?

Gout

Incontinence

Edema

BPH (correct)

Probenecid is used to treat which condition?

Gout (correct)

Heart failure

Hypertension

Diabetes

Hydrochlorothiazide is used to treat which condition?

Heart failure

Gout

Edema (correct)

Arthritis

Ditropan is used to treat which condition?

Incontinence Signup and view all the answers

Allopurinol is used to treat which condition?

Gout Signup and view all the answers

Lasix is used to treat which condition?

Congestive heart failure Signup and view all the answers

Cardura is used to treat which condition?

BPH Signup and view all the answers

Detrol is used to treat which condition?

Incontinence Signup and view all the answers

Bumex is used to treat which condition?

Congestive heart failure Signup and view all the answers

Microzide is used to treat which condition?

Edema Signup and view all the answers

Patients taking combination potassium-sparing diuretics and thiazides should be given the following instructions EXCEPT:

Take before meals Signup and view all the answers

Osmotic agents, for example mannitol, are used in all of the following conditions EXCEPT:

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

The following statements are true of probenecid EXCEPT:

Anti-inflammatory Signup and view all the answers

The following statements are true of urecholine EXCEPT:

For BPH Signup and view all the answers

The following statements are true of pyridium EXCEPT:

Anti-infective Signup and view all the answers

Metabolism happens in which organs?

Liver and lungs Signup and view all the answers

Excretion happens in which organs?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers

Absorption happens in which organs?

Stomach and intestines Signup and view all the answers

Diuretics action:

Increase urine excretion Signup and view all the answers

Thiazides are used for which condition?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

An example of a thiazide?

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) Signup and view all the answers

Thiazides are contraindicated for?

Diabetes Signup and view all the answers

Loop diuretics action:

Inhibits water reabsorption increasing the urine formation Signup and view all the answers

An example of a loop diuretic is?

Furosemide (Lasix) Signup and view all the answers

Loop diuretics are contraindicated for?

Pregnant women Signup and view all the answers

An example of a potassium-sparing drug?

Spironolactone Signup and view all the answers

The treatment of choice for cirrhosis is?

Spironolactone Signup and view all the answers

Osmotic agents drug use?

To reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure Signup and view all the answers

An example of an osmotic agent is?

Mannitol Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is an inflammatory condition like 'arthritis' in which uric acid crystals are deposited in and around the joint?

Gout Signup and view all the answers

Uricosuric agents action:

Block the reabsorption in the kidney and promote urinary excretion of uric acid Signup and view all the answers

Which drug used for gout does not have any analgesic or anti-inflammatory activity?

Uricosuric agent Signup and view all the answers

Antispasmodic drug action:

Anticholinergic (blocking parasympathetic system) Signup and view all the answers

Antispasmodic uses:

Reduce the strength and frequency of contraction of the urinary bladder Signup and view all the answers

An example of an antispasmodic is?

Tolterodine Signup and view all the answers

Cholinergics uses:

Stimulating parasympathetic nerves Signup and view all the answers

An example of cholinergic drug:

Bethanechol (urecholine) Signup and view all the answers

Urinary analgesics uses:

Relieves burning pain, discomfort, and urgency in UTI Signup and view all the answers

An example of a urinary analgesic?

Phenazopyridine Signup and view all the answers

Antiandrogens are used to treat which condition?

BPH Signup and view all the answers

Antiandrogens are used:

To reduce prostate size Signup and view all the answers

An example of an antiandrogen?

Finasteride Signup and view all the answers

An example of an alpha blocker used for BPH:

Tamsulosin (Flomax) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medications and Their Uses

Proscar: Treats benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Probenecid: Used to manage gout.
Hydrochlorothiazide: Primarily treats edema.
Ditropan (Oxybutynin): Addresses incontinence.
Allopurinol: Manages gout.
Lasix (Furosemide): Effective for congestive heart failure.
Cardura: Used in the treatment of BPH.
Detrol (Tolterodine): Treats incontinence.
Bumex (Bumetanide): Also used for congestive heart failure.
Microzide: Acts on edema.

Instructions for Patients

Patients using potassium-sparing diuretics with thiazides should avoid salt substitutes, rise slowly, and report sudden weight loss; they should not take the medication before meals.

Effects of Osmotic Agents

Mannitol is an osmotic agent used for conditions like traumatic brain injury; not effective for hypertension.

Probenecid Facts

It can cause kidney stones, is used for chronic gout, and interacts with penicillin; it is not an anti-inflammatory.

Urecholine Overview

Urecholine stimulates bladder contractions and is used for postoperative urinary retention; not indicated for BPH.

Pyridium Characteristics

Colors urine orange-red and may interfere with kidney tests; it is not an anti-infective, functioning as an analgesic.

Pharmacokinetics

Metabolism occurs primarily in the liver and lungs.
Excretion is carried out by the kidneys.
Absorption takes place in the stomach and intestines.

Diuretics Mechanism and Types

Diuretics increase urine excretion.
Thiazides are used for hypertension (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide) and are contraindicated in diabetes.
Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, also inhibit water reabsorption and are contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.
An example of a potassium-sparing drug is spironolactone, which is the treatment of choice for cirrhosis.

Uric Acid Management

Uric acid levels are regulated by uricosuric agents, which block reabsorption in the kidneys.
Notably, uricosuric agents have no analgesic or anti-inflammatory effects in gout management.

Antispasmodics

Antispasmodics, functioning as anticholinergics, reduce urinary bladder contractions.
An example is tolterodine.

Cholinergic Agents

Used to stimulate parasympathetic nerves, exemplified by bethanechol (Urecholine).

Urinary Analgesics

Urinary analgesics relieve discomfort in urinary tract infections, with an example being phenazopyridine.

Antiandrogens

Used to treat BPH by reducing prostate size, with finasteride as a notable example.
Alpha blockers such as tamsulosin (Flomax) are also used for BPH treatment.

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Description

This quiz focuses on key medications and their uses as covered in Pharmacology Chapter 15. Participants will learn about various drugs and the conditions they are prescribed to treat. Great for students looking to reinforce their understanding of pharmacological treatments.