Pharmacology of Norfentanyl and Hydroxyproprionyl-Fentanyl
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Questions and Answers

What is a unique effect of morphine on the cardiovascular system?

  • Rapidly increasing mean arterial pressure
  • Inducing bradycardia (correct)
  • Enhancing venous tone
  • Increasing systemic vascular resistance
  • How can opioids like morphine affect respiratory function?

  • Exacerbating respiratory depression in alkalotic states (correct)
  • Increasing minute ventilation
  • Decreasing end-tidal CO2 levels
  • Improving renal function
  • Which opioid has roughly 1/10th the potency of morphine and produces the active metabolite normeperidine?

  • Meperidine (correct)
  • Morphine
  • Fentanyl
  • Remifentanil
  • What is a unique property of fentanyl compared to morphine?

    <p>Higher potency and large volume of distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do opioids generally affect the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Sphincter of Oddi spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk associated with the active metabolite of meperidine?

    <p>Neuroexcitatory properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid is commonly used for MONA therapy for chest pain but can result in cardiovascular depression when combined with benzodiazepines?

    <p>'Morphine'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phenomenon occurs due to the synergism between fentanyl and diazepam?

    <p>Compensatory increase in heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for combining opioids with volatile anesthetics?

    <p>To enhance myocardial protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid is known for being fast-acting with a short half-life, making it suitable for rapid analgesia and postoperative pain control?

    <p>Remifentanil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern associated with the use of naloxone and naltrexone?

    <p>Renarcotization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid is particularly effective for anxiolysis, postoperative intermittent bolus doses, and labor?

    <p>Fentanyl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid is 5-10 times more potent than fentanyl and has a high degree of protein binding?

    <p>Sufentanil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature makes alfentanil unique compared to fentanyl and other opioids?

    <p>Rapid equilibration to inactive tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which opioid is 10 times more potent than morphine but has an increased risk of nausea, vomiting, and physical dependence?

    <p>Oxymorphone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In comparison to other opioids, what distinguishes hydromorphone as a preferred choice for PCA and intrathecal administration?

    <p>5 times more potent than morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does remifentanil affect the hemodynamic response during anesthesia in comparison to volatile anesthetics?

    <p>Blunts the hemodynamic response and reduces the MAC of volatile anesthetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature makes norfentanyl and hydroxyproprionyl-fentanyl unsuitable for outpatient surgeries?

    <p>Prolonged elimination half-time despite minimal pharmacologic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of opioids like pentazocine, butorphanol, nalbuphine, and buprenorphine differentiates them from pure opioid agonists?

    <p>Offering analgesia with less depression of ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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