Pharmacology of Epinephrine, Norepinephrine & Dobutamine
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the most common indication for the use of epinephrine (adrenaline)?

  • Increasing blood pressure in shock
  • Treating asthma
  • Treating anaphylaxis (correct)
  • Increasing inotropy in bradycardia

What is the primary mechanism of action of dobutamine?

  • Inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO)
  • Selective beta-1 adrenergic agonist (correct)
  • Selective alpha-1 adrenergic agonist
  • Nonselective alpha and beta adrenergic agonist

What is the primary route of administration for dobutamine?

  • Intravenous (correct)
  • Transdermal
  • Oral
  • Intramuscular

What is the primary metabolic pathway for dipivefrin?

<p>Hydrolysis to epinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of dobutamine?

<p>Hypovolemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of epinephrine (adrenaline) administration?

<p>Central nervous system stimulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of dipivefrin?

<p>Prodrug hydrolyzed to epinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic class of the drug Pitolisant?

<p>Narcolepsy Agent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme system is involved in the metabolism of Pitolisant?

<p>CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Pitolisant?

<p>Histamine H3 receptor antagonism and inverse agonism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of Pitolisant?

<p>Liver disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of H2 histamine receptor antagonists like Famotidine and Cimetidine?

<p>Inhibition of gastric acid production by blocking the H2 histamine receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common adverse effect associated with the use of H2 histamine receptor antagonists?

<p>Atrophic gastritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drug interactions is observed with H2 histamine receptor antagonists?

<p>Decreased effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pharmacological action of topical alpha2 agonists?

<p>Reduce intraocular pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class promotes smooth muscle relaxation by blocking the actions of norepinephrine?

<p>Nonselective Alpha1 Blockers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main indication for using brimonidine?

<p>Glaucoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is associated with systemic alpha2 agonists?

<p>CV depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable drug interaction associated with systemic alpha2 agonists?

<p>Interaction with any drug that binds adrenergic receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of alpha1 blockers bind to Alpha1A/1B/1D receptors and are known as 'Zosins'?

<p>Nonselective Alpha1 Blockers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main pharmacological action of systemic alpha 2 agonists?

<p>Reduce sympathetic outflow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of sucralfate?

<p>Forms a protective barrier on the damaged gastric mucosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of sucralfate?

<p>Respiratory disorders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential drug interaction between sucralfate and antacids?

<p>Antacids decrease the effectiveness of sucralfate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a prokinetic agent?

<p>Lubiprostone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary clinical use of prokinetic agents?

<p>GI motility disorders, especially severe constipation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of lubiprostone?

<p>Activates chloride ion channels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect associated with the use of sucralfate?

<p>Respiratory complications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary clinical use of sucralfate?

<p>Treatment of duodenal (not peptic) ulcers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors?

<p>Inhibit actively secreting H+/K+ -ATPase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proton pump inhibitor is NOT primarily metabolized through a pH-dependent mechanism?

<p>Esomeprazole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical use of Misoprostol?

<p>NSAID-induced ulcer prophylaxis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class poses an increased risk for vitamin B12 deficiency if used for more than 2 years?

<p>Proton pump inhibitors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect is associated with Misoprostol due to its oxytocic properties?

<p>Abdominal cramps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'CYP3A4 substrates' refers to which of the following proton pump inhibitors?

<p>Rabeprazole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Osteoporosis' is listed as a contraindication for which class of drugs?

<p>Proton pump inhibitors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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