Pharmacology Lab Quiz: Local Anesthetics & Hemostatic Agents

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What is the primary mechanism of action of sympathomimetics as hemostatic agents?

By stimulating peripheral nerve conduction

By acting as matrices to entrapped blood cells

By reducing bleeding through local vasoconstriction (correct)

By precipitating tissue protein

What is the normal count of platelets in μmL of blood?

200,000 to 700,000

50,000 to 200,000

100,000 to 450,000 (correct)

300,000 to 800,000

What is the normal bleeding time using Duke's Test?

5-10 seconds

10-20 minutes

1-3 minutes (correct)

30-60 minutes

What is the half-life of platelets in days?

7-10 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of local anesthetics on smooth muscle?

Relaxation Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Lidocaine toxicity that may appear without initial stimulation?

Depression Signup and view all the answers

What is released by platelets during activation?

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Vitamin K in blood clotting?

Essential for the normal hepatic biosynthesis of several factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of styptics and astringents?

By precipitating tissue protein Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of local anesthetics on sensory receptors?

Depression Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering anticoagulants to patients?

To prevent blood clotting in patients with a history of thrombosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of heparin?

Enhances the activity of anti-thrombin III Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the pharmacologic effects of general anesthesia on the urinary system?

Reduced urine output Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of anesthesia is analgesia associated with the majority of surgical procedures?

Stage III: Surgical Anesthesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Stage IV of anesthesia?

Cessation of spontaneous respiration Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released during general anesthesia?

Adenocorticotrophic hormone (ADH) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first phase of anesthesia according to Flagg's classification?

Induction Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Stage II of anesthesia?

Excitement and involuntary muscular activity Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinctive characteristic of halothane in terms of its smell?

Pleasant smell Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of enflurane on the body?

Respiratory depression Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of isoflurane compared to other anesthetics mentioned?

Little or no effect on cardiac output Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible emergency situation associated with anesthetics?

Hypersensitivity reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of halothane in terms of its flammability?

Not inflammable and non-explosive Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of enflurane in terms of its excretion?

80% excreted unchanged in expired gas Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of a vasoconstrictor in local anesthesia?

Reduces bleeding at the site of injection Signup and view all the answers

What is paresthesia associated with?

Prolonged numbness Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal vasoconstrictor content used in a normal patient?

1:100,000 to 1:150,000 Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal property of local anesthetics?

Rapid onset and satisfactory duration Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a local anesthetic with an antioxidant?

Preserves the local anesthetic from degradation Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of loss of sensations due to local anesthesia?

Cold, warmth, pain, touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception Signup and view all the answers