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Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics

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Questions and Answers

What factor can influence the duration of action of local anesthetics?

Tissue vascularity (correct)

Method of administration

Type of surgery

Patient's age

What is a common application of local anesthetics?

Dental procedures (correct)

General anesthesia

Organ transplantation

Neurosurgery

How do local anesthetics induce reversible loss of sensation in a specific area of the body?

By inhibiting the influx of sodium ions through voltage-gated sodium channels (correct)

By increasing the release of neurotransmitters from the nerve terminals

By blocking the efflux of potassium ions from neuronal cell membranes

By stimulating the activation of voltage-gated potassium channels

What is a potential systemic effect of local anesthetics?

Hypotension Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of metabolism for ester-linked local anesthetics?

Hydrolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication to local anesthetic use?

Known hypersensitivity to the drug Signup and view all the answers

What is the common route of administration for local anesthetics?

Topical application, infiltration, nerve block, or epidural/spinal injection Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to monitor patients closely during and after administration of local anesthetics?

To avoid systemic toxicity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following local anesthetics is an ester-linked agent?

Procaine Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme is involved in the metabolism of local anesthetics, and may be affected by drug interactions?

CYP3A4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of local anesthetics on neuronal cell membranes?

They bind to specific receptor sites on the sodium channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of local anesthetics blocking the generation and propagation of action potentials?

Loss of sensation in the region supplied by the affected nerves Signup and view all the answers