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What is a common systemic toxicity effect of local anesthetics?
What is a common systemic toxicity effect of local anesthetics?
Which of the following is a characteristic of ester-type local anesthetics?
Which of the following is a characteristic of ester-type local anesthetics?
What is the primary mechanism by which local anesthetics interact with voltage-gated Na+ channels?
What is the primary mechanism by which local anesthetics interact with voltage-gated Na+ channels?
Which of the following local anesthetics is known for its high lipid solubility and potential for systemic toxicity?
Which of the following local anesthetics is known for its high lipid solubility and potential for systemic toxicity?
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What is the primary factor that determines the duration of action of local anesthetics?
What is the primary factor that determines the duration of action of local anesthetics?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of chiral forms of local anesthetics?
Which of the following is a characteristic of chiral forms of local anesthetics?
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Study Notes
Local Anesthetics
- Local anesthetics are a group of structurally related compounds that share a principal mechanism of action: blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, resulting in reversible interruption of nerve signal transduction.
Historical Perspective
- Cocaine, the first local anesthetic, was isolated from leaves of the coca plant, Erythroxylum coca, by Albert Niemann in 1860.
Chemical Structure and Physicochemical Properties
- Local anesthetics can be classified into two classes: ester-type and amide-type.
Pharmacodynamics
- Local anesthetics bind to voltage-gated Na+ channels and block depolarizing Na+ current through these channels.
Mechanism of Nerve Block
- Local anesthetics interrupt nerve signal transduction by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, resulting in reversible nerve block.
Pharmacokinetics
- Local anesthetics undergo absorption, distribution, and metabolism, and can cause systemic toxicity, including lipid rescue, neurotoxicity, and other tissue toxicity.
Specific Local Anesthetics
- Amide local anesthetics include lidocaine and prilocaine.
Local Anesthetics
- Local anesthetics are a group of structurally related compounds that share a principal mechanism of action: blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, resulting in reversible interruption of nerve signal transduction.
Historical Perspective
- Cocaine, the first local anesthetic, was isolated from leaves of the coca plant, Erythroxylum coca, by Albert Niemann in 1860.
Chemical Structure and Physicochemical Properties
- Local anesthetics can be classified into two classes: ester-type and amide-type.
Pharmacodynamics
- Local anesthetics bind to voltage-gated Na+ channels and block depolarizing Na+ current through these channels.
Mechanism of Nerve Block
- Local anesthetics interrupt nerve signal transduction by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, resulting in reversible nerve block.
Pharmacokinetics
- Local anesthetics undergo absorption, distribution, and metabolism, and can cause systemic toxicity, including lipid rescue, neurotoxicity, and other tissue toxicity.
Specific Local Anesthetics
- Amide local anesthetics include lidocaine and prilocaine.
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Description
This quiz covers the pharmacological aspects of local anesthetics, including their mechanism of action and effects on nerve signal transduction.
