Pharmacology for Asthma Management

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following adverse effects is commonly associated with Beta 2 adrenergic agonists?

Dizziness

Tachycardia (correct)

Hypotension

Nausea

What is the primary mechanism of action for anticholinergic bronchodilators?

Block muscarinic receptors (correct)

Relax bronchial smooth muscles

Activate beta2 adrenergic receptors

Increase synthesis of inflammatory mediators

Which patient should avoid taking epinephrine?

A patient with diabetes

A patient with hypertension

A patient with a history of severe COPD

A patient with tachycardia (correct)

What is a critical nursing implication for theophylline therapy?

Observe for signs of toxicity above 20 mcg/mL. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use for glucocorticoids in asthma management?

Prophylaxis of chronic asthma Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for using theophylline?

Cimetidine use Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is specifically linked to the use of inhaled glucocorticoids?

Hoarseness Signup and view all the answers

What is a major risk associated with long-acting beta agonists when used alone?

Severe asthma exacerbations Signup and view all the answers

Which medication class is known to relax bronchial smooth muscles?

Methylxanthines Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of using ipratropium?

Paradoxical bronchospasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of using montelukast as a leukotriene modifier?

Decreased bronchoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class includes omalizumab as its prototype?

Immunosuppressant Monoclonal Antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of glucocorticoids like beclomethasone?

Epistaxis Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism do antihistamines primarily utilize to relieve allergy symptoms?

Antagonizing H1 receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding pseudoephedrine?

It can lead to rebound congestion if used longer than recommended. Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect is specifically associated with the non-opioid antitussive dextromethorphan?

Rash Signup and view all the answers

Cromolyn sodium is primarily used when which of the following is true?

Glucocorticoids are ineffective or contraindicated. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic use of guaifenesin?

Reducing the viscosity of mucus Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect may be common with the use of first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine?

Sedation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about acetylcysteine is accurate?

It thins mucus to aid cough productivity. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Beta 2 Agonist Adverse Effects

Tremors are a common adverse effect of beta 2 adrenergic agonists

Anticholinergic Bronchodilators

Anticholinergic bronchodilators work by blocking acetylcholine receptors in the lungs, leading to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles

Epinephrine Contraindications

Patients with severe hypertension should avoid taking epinephrine

Theophylline Nursing Implication

Monitoring theophylline levels is critical due to its narrow therapeutic window

Glucocorticoids in Asthma Management

Glucocorticoids are commonly used to reduce inflammation in asthma

Theophylline Contraindications

Patients with severe liver disease should avoid taking theophylline

Inhaled Glucocorticoid Adverse Effect

Oral candidiasis (thrush) is a specific adverse effect associated with inhaled glucocorticoids

Long-Acting Beta Agonist Risk

Long-acting beta agonists, when used alone, can increase the risk of asthma exacerbations

Bronchial Smooth Muscle Relaxation

Beta 2 agonists are known to relax bronchial smooth muscles

Ipratropium Adverse Effect

Dry mouth is a potential adverse effect of ipratropium

Montelukast Outcome

Montelukast, as a leukotriene modifier, primarily reduces inflammation in the airways

Omalizumab Class

Omalizumab is a prototype of monoclonal antibody drugs

Glucocorticoid Adverse Effect

Oral candidiasis (thrush) is a common adverse effect of glucocorticoids like beclomethasone

Antihistamine Mechanism

Antihistamines primarily relieve allergy symptoms by blocking histamine receptors

Pseudoephedrine Statement

Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic drug used as a decongestant

Dextromethorphan Adverse Effect

Drowsiness is a common adverse effect associated with dextromethorphan

Cromolyn Sodium Use

Cromolyn sodium is primarily used for the prevention of asthma attacks

Guaifenesin Therapeutic Use

Guaifenesin is primarily used to thin mucus and make it easier to cough up

First-Generation Antihistamine Adverse Effect

Drowsiness is a common adverse effect of first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine

Acetylcysteine Accuracy

Acetylcysteine is used to break down thick mucus in the lungs

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Description

This quiz assesses your understanding of pharmacological treatments used in asthma, including beta agonists, anticholinergics, and glucocorticoids. Test your knowledge on mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and nursing implications relevant to respiratory therapy.