Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following drugs inhibits DNA gyrase and is primarily used to stop replication?
Which of the following drugs inhibits DNA gyrase and is primarily used to stop replication?
Which agent is known to cause optic neuritis as a side effect?
Which agent is known to cause optic neuritis as a side effect?
Which of the following antimicrobial agents causes GI upset as a side effect?
Which of the following antimicrobial agents causes GI upset as a side effect?
What mechanism does Rifampin use to exert its effects?
What mechanism does Rifampin use to exert its effects?
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Which test is appropriate for detecting VRSA?
Which test is appropriate for detecting VRSA?
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What potential side effect is associated with the use of Metronidazole?
What potential side effect is associated with the use of Metronidazole?
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Which agent is categorized as an antifungal and has a risk of nephrotoxicity?
Which agent is categorized as an antifungal and has a risk of nephrotoxicity?
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Which drug primarily targets mycobacterial infections by inhibiting mycolic acid synthesis?
Which drug primarily targets mycobacterial infections by inhibiting mycolic acid synthesis?
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Which antimicrobial resistance testing method utilizes a modified Hodge test?
Which antimicrobial resistance testing method utilizes a modified Hodge test?
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What is the mechanism of action for Fluoroquinolones?
What is the mechanism of action for Fluoroquinolones?
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What test is specifically recommended for detecting the presence of ESBL?
What test is specifically recommended for detecting the presence of ESBL?
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Which antiviral agent is known to be effective against the respiratory syncytial virus?
Which antiviral agent is known to be effective against the respiratory syncytial virus?
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What is the primary action of Azoles in antifungal treatment?
What is the primary action of Azoles in antifungal treatment?
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Study Notes
DNA Synthesis Inhibitors
- Nalidixic Acid: Treats UTIs and inhibits DNA synthesis.
- Fluoroquinolones: Inhibit DNA gyrase, stopping replication.
- Nitrofurantoin: Treats UTIs, targeting multiple cellular processes.
- Rifampin: Inhibits DNA polymerase, used for Mycobacterium infections.
- Metronidazole: Causes DNA breaks under anaerobic conditions; known for metallic taste side effect.
Antimycobacterial Agents
- Isoniazid: Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis; potential for hepatitis.
- Ethambutol: Inhibits cell wall formation; potential for optic neuritis.
- Pyrazinamide: Lowers pH, causing GI upset.
Antifungal Agents
- Amphotericin B: First-line drug for severe fungal infections; known for nephrotoxicity.
- Azoles: Inhibit sterol synthesis.
- 5-Fluorocytosine: Effective against Cryptococcus; can cause bone marrow depression.
- Caspofungin: Effective against Candida and Aspergillus; ineffective against Cryptococcus.
Antiviral Agents
- Acyclovir: Effective against Herpes viruses.
- Ribavirin: Effective against Respiratory Syncytial Virus.
- M2 Inhibitor: Inhibits Influenza A virus.
- Neuraminidase Inhibitor: Inhibits Influenza A and B viruses.
Antimicrobial Resistance Testing
- MRSA: The mecA gene produces an altered penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a).
- VRSA: Testing with the Etest is used.
- ESBL: Testing with and without clavulanic acid is used.
- Clindamycin resistance is often due to the Erm gene.
- Carbapenemase production is identified through the Modified Hodge Test.
- Glycopeptide resistance testing involves van A PCR.
- Oxacillin resistance is diagnosed with the Cefoxitin Disk test.
- Penicillin resistance can be due to beta-lactamases.
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Description
This quiz covers various drug mechanisms including DNA synthesis inhibitors, antimycobacterial agents, antifungal agents, and antiviral agents. Test your knowledge on how these drugs function and their clinical applications. Great for those studying pharmacology and medicinal chemistry.
