Pharmacology Chapter 17 Flashcards

Key Drug Definitions

• Addiction: A physiological dependence on a drug, leading to compulsive use.
• Analgesic: A medication that alleviates pain.
• Antidote: A substance that counteracts the effects of a poison.
• Diuretic: A drug that promotes increased urine production and output.
• Drug Vehicle: A medium or substance that carries a drug for administration.
• Emetics: Agents that induce vomiting in cases of poisoning or overdose.

Psychological and Physiological Concepts

• Habituation: A psychological dependence on a drug, characterized by a craving for it.
• Tolerance: The phenomenon where a larger dose of a drug is required to achieve the same effect as previously experienced.

Administration Methods and Effects

• Intradermal: Referring to drug administration through the skin’s layers.
• Bioavailability: A measure of the extent and rate at which the active ingredient is absorbed and becomes available in the body.
• Side Effect: Unintended and often negative effects following drug use.
• Specific Effect: The desired and intended therapeutic effect of a drug.
• Synergistic Effect: A scenario where the combined effect of multiple drugs is greater than the sum of their individual effects.

Antiseptics and Their Uses

• Antiseptics vs. Disinfectants: Antiseptics are safe for use on living tissue, while disinfectants are intended for non-living surfaces.
• Fungicide: A specific type of antiseptic designed to eliminate fungal infections.
• Hydrogen Peroxide: Utilized in athletic care to cleanse infected tissues and remove debris from wounds.

Common Athletic Ailments and Treatments

• Athlete's Foot: A fungal infection caused by Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton.
• Tinactin: A topical medication commonly used to treat athlete's foot.

Antibiotics and Their Implications

• Antibiotics: Serve two primary purposes: inhibiting bacterial growth (bacteriostatic) and killing bacteria (bacteriocidal).
• Antibiotic Tolerance: Prolonged use can lead to the body developing a tolerance, necessitating higher doses over time.

Pain Management Techniques

• Counterirritants: Create mild irritation that can diminish the perception of original pain.
• Narcotics: Substances that alleviate pain by suppressing nerve impulses and respiratory centers.
• Non-narcotic Analgesics: Quickly alleviate pain without causing loss of consciousness.

Considerations for Pain Relievers

• Acetaminophen vs. Aspirin: Acetaminophen is recommended over aspirin due to lower gastrointestinal irritation, reduced bleeding risk, and lesser allergic potential in asthmatic patients. Aspirin is cautioned against in contact sports due to its blood-thinning properties.

First Aid for Bleeding

• Epinephrine: Employed in severe bleeding situations by directly constricting damaged blood vessels, effectively halting hemorrhage.

Test your knowledge of key terms in pharmacology with these flashcards based on Chapter 17. Each card provides a word related to drug use and its corresponding definition. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of essential pharmacological concepts.