Biologic DMARDs
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary adverse reaction associated with Biologic DMARDs mentioned in the text?

  • Elevated liver function tests (correct)
  • Hypertension
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Infusion-related and injection site reactions

    • Which enzymes modulate immune cell activity by responding to inflammatory mediators?

  • Kinase C
  • Proteasome
  • Janus kinases (correct)
  • Lipase

    • What laboratory parameter should be greater than 9 g/dL to start Tofacitinib therapy?

  • Platelet count
  • Neutrophil count
  • Lymphocyte count
  • Hemoglobin concentration (correct)

    • Which of the following agents is usually reserved for RA patients with inadequate response or intolerance to other drugs?

    <p>Tofacitinib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk is associated with Tofacitinib treatment according to the text?

    <p>Increased risk for new primary malignancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which group of patients is Tofacitinib indicated for the treatment of RA?

    <p>Patients with severe established RA and inadequate response to methotrexate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proinflammatory cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>IL-1 and TNF-α</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of IL-1 and TNF-α when secreted by synovial macrophages?

    <p>Degradation of cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of biologic DMARDs includes abatacept and rituximab?

    <p>Non-TNF biologic agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect have TNF-α inhibitors shown in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>Decrease in signs and symptoms, reduction in structural damage, and improved physical function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition should TNF-α inhibitors be used cautiously?

    <p>Heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can a clinical response be observed with TNF-α inhibitors therapy?

    <p>Within 2 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of infections are patients receiving biologic DMARDs at an increased risk for?

    <p>Tuberculosis, fungal opportunistic infections, and sepsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should live vaccinations not be administered to patients taking biologic DMARDs?

    <p>To prevent the risk of severe infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Adalimumab in the treatment of RA?

    <p>Binds to TNF-α and interferes with its activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of administration for Certolizumab in patients with RA?

    <p>Every 2 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should TNF-α inhibitors and non-TNF biologic agents not be used together?

    <p>Due to the risk of severe infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Etanercept in the treatment of RA?

    <p>Binds to TNF-α and blocks its interaction with cell surface receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Allopurinol?

    <p>Competitive inhibition of xanthine oxidase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition warrants caution when using Allopurinol?

    <p>Cardiovascular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary metabolite of Allopurinol?

    <p>Alloxanthine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which population should dosage adjustments be considered for Allopurinol?

    <p>Patients with severe renal impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic use of Allopurinol?

    <p>Treatment of gout and hyperuricemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Allopurinol primarily eliminated from the body?

    <p>Excreted in the urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of gout?

    <p>High levels of uric acid in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a symptom commonly associated with acute flares of gout?

    <p>Yellow discoloration of the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of hyperuricemia in gout?

    <p>Inability to excrete uric acid renally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of most therapeutic strategies for gout?

    <p>Lowering the uric acid level below 6 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some common triggers for acute gout attacks?

    <p>Excessive alcohol consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is effective for managing acute gouty arthritis?

    <p>NSAIDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of colchicine?

    <p>Depolymerization of microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of colchicine?

    <p>CYP450 3A4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of colchicine in gout management?

    <p>Alleviating pain during acute gout attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What side effect can chronic administration of colchicine lead to?

    <p>Myopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is colchicine primarily eliminated from the body?

    <p>Renal excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one common adverse effect associated with colchicine administration?

    <p>Neutropenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is colchicine not frequently used for acute gouty attacks anymore?

    <p>Safety concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what time frame should colchicine be administered to be effective during an acute gout attack?

    <p>&lt; 12 hours after onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of colchicine binding to mitotic spindles?

    <p>Cellular division inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

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