10 Questions
Which zone of the adrenal cortex produces mineralocorticoids responsible for regulating salt and water metabolism?
Zona glomerulosa
What is the primary function of glucocorticoids synthesized in the middle zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex?
Regulating blood sugar levels and metabolism
Which hormone controls the secretion of the two inner zones of the adrenal cortex?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
What serves as feedback inhibitors of ACTH and CRH secretion?
Glucocorticoids
Which type of steroid hormone is synthesized by the inner zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex?
Adrenal androgens
How do glucocorticoids promote normal intermediary metabolism?
By enhancing expression of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis
What is the principal human glucocorticoid?
Cortisol
What is the primary role of glucocorticoids in increasing resistance to stress?
Raising plasma glucose levels
What differentiates corticosteroids in their activity?
Their binding to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors
How do glucocorticoids influence the inflammatory response?
By inhibiting phospholipase A2
Study Notes
Adrenal Cortex Zones
- Mineralocorticoids, responsible for regulating salt and water metabolism, are produced in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex.
Glucocorticoids
- Glucocorticoids, synthesized in the zona fasciculata, play a crucial role in regulating carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism.
- The primary function of glucocorticoids is to promote normal intermediary metabolism.
Regulation of Adrenal Cortex
- The hormone ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone) controls the secretion of the two inner zones of the adrenal cortex.
- Corticosterone serves as a feedback inhibitor of ACTH and CRH secretion.
Zona Reticularis
- The inner zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex synthesizes androgens, a type of steroid hormone.
Glucocorticoids and Stress
- The principal human glucocorticoid is cortisol.
- Glucocorticoids play a primary role in increasing resistance to stress by promoting the breakdown of fat, protein, and carbohydrates to produce energy.
Corticosteroids
- Corticosteroids differ in their activity based on their ability to affect glucocorticoid receptors or mineralocorticoid receptors.
Inflammatory Response
- Glucocorticoids suppress the inflammatory response by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Test your knowledge on the adrenal hormones, adrenocorticosteroids, and adrenocortical antagonists in Pharmacology 3. This quiz covers the secretion, types, and functions of corticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
