Corticosteroids and Their Effects
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Questions and Answers

What is a possible consequence of transferring from systemic to inhaled flunisolide?

  • Increased bronchodilation
  • Chronic pain relief
  • Adrenal insufficiency (correct)
  • Decreased dosage requirement

Which condition requires cautious use of corticosteroids due to potential adverse effects?

  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Hypertension
  • Fungal infections (correct)
  • Diabetes mellitus

What treatment approach is indicated for rheumatic disorders?

  • Inhaled bronchodilators
  • Long-term corticosteroids
  • Short-term oral steroids or joint injections (correct)
  • High-dose analgesics

Which of the following is a common adverse effect associated with corticosteroid use?

<p>Cushingoid features (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended administration method for corticosteroids whenever feasible?

<p>Localized administration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of corticosteroids on target cells?

<p>Increase or decrease protein synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which corticosteroid is considered the prototype for exogenous corticosteroids?

<p>Prednisone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of corticosteroids in medical treatment?

<p>Control of allergic or hypersensitivity disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disorders would NOT typically be treated with corticosteroids?

<p>Bacterial pneumonia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do corticosteroids have on the inflammatory response?

<p>They decrease inflammatory response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is mentioned as a use of corticosteroids for symptom control?

<p>Cerebral edema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible impact of corticosteroids on lymphocytes?

<p>Impairment of lymphocyte function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are corticosteroids used in organ or tissue transplants?

<p>To suppress the immune response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following must be done after the acute symptoms of asthma subside when using adrenergic bronchodilators?

<p>Taper the dosage gradually (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with the transfer from systemic to inhaled flunisolide?

<p>Adrenal insufficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is stress dosing of corticosteroids indicated?

<p>For chronic corticosteroid users during stress or illness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of corticosteroid use related to appearance?

<p>Moon face (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions should corticosteroids be used cautiously in?

<p>Renal impairment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of corticosteroids on inflammatory responses?

<p>Decrease the production of chemicals causing inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a condition for which corticosteroids are commonly prescribed?

<p>Allergic or hypersensitivity disorders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Corticosteroids can be beneficial in managing all of the following conditions EXCEPT:

<p>Acute respiratory distress syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy?

<p>Immunosuppression leading to increased infection risk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would corticosteroids be utilized to control symptoms?

<p>To alleviate symptoms in cerebral edema from spinal cord injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Corticosteroids have a primary mechanism of action by binding to:

<p>Drug receptors on target cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following corticosteroids is recognized as the prototype?

<p>Prednisone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Corticosteroids can inhibit which of the following cellular processes?

<p>Phagocytosis by macrophages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Corticosteroids

Hormones produced by the adrenal cortex that affect many body organs, crucial for homeostasis in normal amounts.

Exogenous Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids taken from an outside source (medicine) rather than naturally produced by the body.

Prednisone

A common example of an exogenous corticosteroid, a prototype of the drug class.

Corticosteroid Action

Corticosteroids bind to receptors on cells, influencing protein synthesis to reduce inflammation & immune responses.

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Inflammatory Reduction

Corticosteroids decrease inflammation by reducing substances causing swelling and tissue irritation and suppress immune cells.

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Corticosteroid Uses

Used to manage various conditions, like allergies, collagen disorders, and organ transplants, controlling symptoms, not curing the underlying disease.

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Allergic Rhinitis Treatment

Nasal sprays containing corticosteroids decrease mucus secretion and inflammation, alleviating symptoms in allergic rhinitis.

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Immunosuppressant Effect

Corticosteroids decrease immune responses, significantly impacting lymphocyte activity.

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Systemic Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids taken orally or intravenously to treat various conditions throughout the body, like asthma and rheumatic disorders.

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Corticosteroid Tapering

Gradually reducing the dosage of systemic corticosteroids over time to avoid serious side effects like adrenal insufficiency.

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Corticosteroid Stress Dosing

Increasing the dosage of corticosteroids during periods of stress or illness to minimize the impact on the body.

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Corticosteroids and Immune Response

Corticosteroids suppress the immune system, making the body more susceptible to infections. This is why they are used cautiously in patients with fungal infections and live virus vaccinations are avoided.

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Licorice and Corticosteroids

Licorice can amplify the effects of corticosteroids, potentially leading to negative consequences.

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What are the main systemic effects of corticosteroids?

Systemic corticosteroids have various effects, including managing asthma by reducing inflammation in the airways, relieving pain and swelling in rheumatic disorders, and treating shock associated with Addisonian crisis.

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Why are corticosteroids tapered?

Tapering involves gradually reducing the dosage of corticosteroids to avoid adrenal insufficiency. This is crucial because prolonged use can suppress the body's natural cortisol production.

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Stress Dosing

When individuals on chronic corticosteroids experience stress or illness, they may require higher doses to manage the impact on their system.

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Contraindications for Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids should be used cautiously in individuals with kidney or liver problems, the elderly, and those with fungal infections. Live virus vaccinations should also be avoided.

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Corticosteroids: What are they?

Hormones produced by the adrenal glands, key to regulating body functions. Think of them as the body's natural firefighters.

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Exogenous Corticosteroids: What's the difference?

These are corticosteroids taken as medication, not made by the body itself. They act like the artificial firefighters we call in.

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Prednisone: The Prototype

Prednisone is like the most common type of exogenous corticosteroid, like a standard fire engine model.

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How do Corticosteroids Work: Mechanism

They bind to receptors in cells, turning up or down the protein synthesis dial. This reduces inflammation and immune responses, like putting out the fire.

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Corticosteroids: What do they treat?

They control symptoms but don't cure diseases, like controlling the fire but not preventing it. Used for various conditions, including allergies, skin problems, and organ transplants.

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Corticosteroids in Asthma: How do they work?

They are often used as nasal sprays for allergic rhinitis, reducing mucus production and inflammation in the nose. Like using a fire extinguisher for nasal flare-ups.

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Corticosteroids in Neoplastic Disease: The role

Used to control symptoms and slow down cancer cell growth. Imagine it as using a fire retardant to slow down the spread of the fire.

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Study Notes

Corticosteroids

  • Hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, affecting nearly all body organs. Normal levels maintain homeostasis. Imbalance leads to disease.
  • Exogenous corticosteroids, such as prednisone (prototype), are used therapeutically. Other drugs include: beclomethasone, betamethasone, budesonide, cortisone, dexamethasone, flunisolide, fluticasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, and triamcinolone.
  • Action involves binding to receptors, influencing protein synthesis, and regulating inflammatory response. This leads to reduced inflammation, decreased edema, reduced chemicals that cause vasodilation, and tissue irritation reducing inflammation. Also affects immune response, inhibiting phagocytosis (cell eating) and lymphocyte function, and influencing tissue repair.
  • Uses include treating various conditions - allergic/hypersensitivity disorders (e.g., dermatitis), problems in collagen systems (like SLE), dermatological issues, endocrine disorders (adrenocortical insufficiency), gastrointestinal conditions (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's), hematological problems (e.g., idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura), hepatic disorders, neoplastic diseases (e.g., leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma), and neurologic conditions (e.g., cerebral edema, spinal cord injury).
  • Can be taken orally, by injection, inhaled, or applied topically (where appropriate). The method chosen depends on the location and extent of the underlying problem.

Adverse Effects and Considerations

  • Chronic use can lead to adrenocortical insufficiency, Cushingoid features (like a distinctive face shape), vertigo, insomnia, compromised immune function.
  • Careful use is crucial in renal or hepatic impairment, in the elderly, and in patients with fungal infections.
  • Licorice can enhance corticosteroid effects.
  • Administration methods may include divided doses or alternate-day/daily dosing. Stress-dosing can help manage conditions worsened by stress or illness.
  • Important considerations may include potential issues with live-virus vaccinations if the patient is already using corticosteroids.

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Corticosteroids Drug Therapy PDF

Description

This quiz explores the role of corticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex, their therapeutic uses, and impacts on the body. It covers various corticosteroid drugs, their mechanisms, and the conditions they treat. Test your knowledge on these vital hormones and their application in medicine.

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