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Questions and Answers
What is the first step in the movement of a drug from administration into the body?
What is the purpose of distribution in the movement of a drug?
What happens to the drug at the site of action?
What is the process by which the body breaks down a drug into smaller components?
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What is the final step in the movement of a drug from administration into the body?
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Study Notes
Absorption and Distribution
- A drug enters the body through administration, which can be oral, parenteral, or topical
- The drug dissolves or disperses in a solvent (such as water or lipid) at the site of administration
- The drug is then absorbed into the bloodstream through diffusion or active transport
- The absorbed drug is distributed throughout the body via the circulatory system
- Drug distribution is influenced by factors such as blood flow, membrane permeability, and protein binding
Metabolism
- The drug is carried to the liver, where it is metabolized by enzymes
- Metabolism involves the conversion of the drug into a more water-soluble metabolite
- The liver is the primary site of metabolism, but other tissues such as the kidneys and lungs can also metabolize drugs
- Metabolism can inactivate the drug, convert it to an active form, or produce toxic compounds
Bioavailability
- Bioavailability refers to the fraction of the administered dose that reaches the systemic circulation
- Bioavailability is affected by factors such as absorption, distribution, and metabolism
Site of Action
- The drug reaches its site of action, where it interacts with target molecules (such as receptors, enzymes, or transporters)
- The drug binds to its target molecule, leading to a response or effect
Elimination
- The drug is eliminated from the body through excretion, which can occur through the kidneys, liver, or lungs
- The kidneys excrete the drug through urine, while the liver excretes the drug through bile
- The drug is eliminated in its original form or as a metabolite
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Description
Understand the journey of a drug from administration to its site of action and finally excretion. Learn about the pharmacokinetic processes that occur in the body.
