Pharmaceutical Technology: Tablets and Compaction (Part 2)

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of including excipients in tablet formulations?

To make tablets dissolve faster

To ensure the smooth running of the tableting operation (correct)

To provide flavor to the tablets

To enhance the color of the tablets

How are excipients usually categorized based on their intended function in tablets?

Based on their intended main function (correct)

Based on their taste

Based on their color

Based on their weight

Why are many substances used in tablet formulations described as multi-functional?

Because they have a single purpose in tablet formulations

Because they can alter the aroma of the tablets

Because they add extra flavor to the tablets

Because they can affect the properties of a powder or tablet in multiple ways (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a common function of excipients used in tablets?

Providing a distinct smell to the tablet Signup and view all the answers

Why are excipients considered essential in tablet manufacturing?

To ensure tablets of specified quality are prepared Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of disintegrating tablets?

To disintegrate fast upon ingestion Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tablet is designed to dissolve in the mouth, not requiring swallowing?

Buccal tablets Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes effervescent tablets from regular tablets?

They release gas upon dissolution Signup and view all the answers

In which category of tablets can prolonged-release types be found?

Disintegrating tablets Signup and view all the answers

Where can one find definitions of different tablet types according to the text?

In the monographs on tablets Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between sublingual and buccal tablets?

Sublingual tablets are meant to dissolve under the tongue Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between immediate-release and modified-release tablets?

Immediate-release tablets release the drug rapidly after administration, while modified-release tablets release the drug slowly at a constant rate. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tablet is intended to increase the time period for drug absorption after a single administration?

Pulsatile release tablets Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of prolonged-release tablets?

The drug is released slowly at a nearly constant rate. Signup and view all the answers

In what form should modified-release tablets normally be taken?

Swallowed intact Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tablet is released slowly at a nearly constant rate?

Prolonged-release tablets Signup and view all the answers

What is accomplished by releasing the drug in two or more pulses?

Increased time period for drug absorption after a single administration. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of delayed-release tablet mentioned in the text?

Gastroresistant tablet Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the intestine is a gastroresistant tablet designed to release the drug?

Upper part of the small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What are the different drug release mechanisms mentioned in the text?

Diffraction-controlled, dissolution-controlled, erosion-controlled, osmosis-controlled Signup and view all the answers

How is drug release managed in a diffusion-controlled release unit?

Liquid surrounding the dosage form dissolves the drug, creating a concentration gradient Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for a gastroresistant tablet?

Enteric-coated tablet Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the intestine can a delayed-release tablet be designed for local treatment?

Lower part of the intestine or in the colon Signup and view all the answers

In which type of tablet system does the drug partition into the membrane surrounding the dose unit before being released?

Diffusion-controlled release matrix system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of drug release in erosion-controlled release systems?

Matrix material liberation Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate-limiting step in dissolution-controlled release systems?

Coating dissolution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the drug release mechanism in osmosis-controlled systems?

Sequence of osmotic steps Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes diffusion-controlled release reservoir systems from diffusion-controlled release matrix systems?

Drug partitioning into the membrane Signup and view all the answers

What step precedes the drug being exposed to gastrointestinal fluids in erosion-controlled release systems?

Matrix material liberation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Tablet Classification

Tablets can be classified based on the drug release pattern from the tablets
Four categories of tablets are commonly used: immediate release, prolonged release, pulsatile release, and delayed release

Immediate Release Tablets

Drug is released rapidly after administration or dissolved in liquid before intake
Most common type of tablet
Includes disintegrating, chewable, effervescent, sublingual, and buccal tablets

Modified-Release Tablets

Should be swallowed intact
Formulation and excipients used may differ from those of immediate-release tablets
Includes prolonged release, pulsatile release, and delayed release tablets

Prolonged Release Tablets

Drug is released slowly at a nearly constant rate

Pulsatile Release Tablets

Drug is released in two or more pulses to increase the time period for drug absorption

Delayed Release Tablets

Drug is liberated from the tablet some time after administration
Examples include gastroresistant (enteric-coated) tablets, which release the drug in the upper part of the small intestine

Tablet Excipients

Excipients are included in a tablet to ensure the tableting operation can run satisfactorily and to produce tablets of specified quality
Excipients can affect the properties of a powder or the tablet in multiple ways
Examples of excipients include substances used for different functions, such as disintegrating agents, lubricants, and binders

Drug Release Mechanism

Can be divided into four types: diffusion-controlled, dissolution-controlled, erosion-controlled, and osmosis-controlled
Diffusion-controlled release: drug is released from a matrix or reservoir system through diffusion
Dissolution-controlled release: drug is released through the dissolution of a coating
Erosion-controlled release: drug is released through the erosion of a matrix material
Osmosis-controlled release: drug is released through the movement of water into the tablet through a semipermeable membrane

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Description

Explore the role of tablet excipients in pharmaceutical technology. Learn how excipients ensure the smooth operation of the tableting process and the quality of the tablets produced. Understand the different categories of excipients used in tablets.