Pharmaceutical Coatings and Tablet Types

<p>They can separate incompatible drug substances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Release of the drug slowly over an extended time period. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Melt granulation method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antacid formulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Particle size and its effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smaller particle sizes can enhance surface area and release rates. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical stability of reactive substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Powder flowability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liquid chromatography (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It assesses the flowability of powders. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To serve as a disintegrating agent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intra-extra granular incorporation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flavouring agents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capping (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lakes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Instability in moisture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent adhesion to manufacturing surfaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have better stability than water-soluble flavors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Croscarmellose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To hold fluid in a dry state (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poor disintegration and delayed dissolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Free-flowing but also cohesive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnesium stearate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Starch-based disintegrants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases dust contamination risks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature change during storage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A compressed mass containing a single dose of one or more active substances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a sugar coating that may be coloured (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Film-coated tablets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are formed by compression and contain no special coating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weight uniformity of the dose may be affected (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liquid preservatives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To promote a chemical reaction for uniform products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative mixture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are blown upwards and remain suspended in air (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They mix easily and irreversibly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They require energy for effective mixing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To combine them with bulking agents for better formulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They tend to move greater distances than smaller particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They settle to form a layer on coarser particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tablets coated with substances that dissolve in the intestines but not the stomach, allowing drugs to be released where they are most effective.

Tablets made by compressing multiple layers of different granulations, often used for prolonged release or to separate incompatible drugs.

Tablets prepared by compressing a new layer of granulation around pre-formed tablets, offering advantages of both compressed and sugar-coated tablets.

Tablets designed to release the drug slowly over an extended time, achieving sustained therapeutic effects.

A type of controlled-release tablet that releases the drug gradually over a longer period.

This method involves mixing drug powder with a liquid binder, forming wet granules, drying, and sieving to get the desired size.

This method involves compressing the powder mixture directly without adding a liquid binder, resulting in granules.

This method involves melting a suitable material (usually a waxy substance) and mixing with the drug powder. The mixture is then allowed to solidify and is subsequently broken down into granules.

The science and technology of small particles. It studies their properties, behavior, and applications.

A measure of how well a powder flows, influencing how it moves through equipment and how it mixes with other ingredients.

A technique used to determine the size of particles. It involves passing the powder through a series of sieves with decreasing pore sizes.

A method for determining particle size. It involves allowing particles to settle in a liquid medium, with the settling rate depending on the particle size.

This method involves measuring the volume of particles, which can be used to determine their size. It uses a specialized instrument that measures the displacement of a liquid by a particle.

A substance that helps tablet formation by holding powder particles together. It can be added in solution or dry.

A substance that ensures smooth flow of powder or granules during tablet compression. Reduces friction and helps tablets eject easily.

Lubricants prevent sticking of materials to the tablet press. They reduce friction between particles and improve flow.

A substance that helps the tablet dissolve quickly in the body. Commonly used are starches, clays, celluloses, gums, and polymers.

A type of disintegrant that works by swelling when exposed to water, causing the tablet to disintegrate.

A type of disintegrant that works by capillary action. It draws water in between tablet particles causing the tablet to break apart.

A type of disintegrant that breaks down the tablet quickly. Examples include Croscarmellose, Crospovidone, and Sodium Starch Glycolate.

Reduces sticking of granules or powder to the tablet press. Prevents sticking to the die walls and punches.

Uneven powder flow can cause friction between particles and the die wall, leading to lubrication issues and increased dust contamination during powder transfer.

Powder caking is a phenomenon where powder particles clump together, often due to prolonged storage or shipping. This can occur in vials or bags, affecting powder flow and homogeneity.

Separation of small quantities of powder from the bulk material can occur during the production process, particularly when preparing individual doses. This can result in inaccurate weight uniformity and inconsistent dosages.

The size and distribution of particles significantly influence powder flow. Fine powders tend to flow poorly, while larger and uniformly sized particles flow more readily.

The shape and texture of particles affect their flowability. Irregular shapes and rough surfaces can reduce powder flow, while smooth, spherical particles flow better.

Surface forces, like electrostatic charges, van der Waals forces, and surface tension, can influence powder flow. These forces can cause particles to stick together, hindering flow.

Formulating additives, such as lubricants and anti-caking agents, can be used to improve powder flow properties. They reduce friction and prevent clumping.

Solid preparations containing a single dose of one or more active substances. They are typically circular, flat or bi-convex, and may include excipients for manufacturing, disintegration, or appearance.

The method of adding a disintegrant to the tablet during two different stages: before and after granulation.

The process of separating the top or bottom of a tablet from the main body.

A factor that impacts how quickly a tablet breaks down, with harder tablets disintegrating slower.

A substance that absorbs liquids and appears dry.

Artificial sweeteners are often used in tablets meant to dissolve in the mouth to provide a pleasant taste.

This occurs when particles of different sizes move at different speeds, causing them to separate because of their kinetic energy.

When a mix is discharged, small particles can be 'blown' upwards by air currents, staying suspended until they settle on top of the coarser particles.

The process of combining two or more substances, ensuring they are uniformly distributed.

This involves mixing materials to create a homogeneous mixture, like dissolving sugar in water to make a solution.

Mixing to facilitate a chemical reaction to produce uniform products.

Involves dispersing a solid in a liquid to form a suspension or paste.

This involves combining two immiscible liquids (liquids that don't mix) to form an emulsion, like mixing oil and water.

These occur when two immiscible liquids are mixed, like oil and water, or when an insoluble solid is mixed with water, like magnesium silicate and water.