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Questions and Answers
What is phagocytosis?
What is phagocytosis?
Engulfment and destruction of microorganisms or damaged cells.
Who discovered phagocytosis?
Who discovered phagocytosis?
Ellie Metchnikoff
Eosinophils increase in number only during parasitic invasions.
Eosinophils increase in number only during parasitic invasions.
False
What is the color of eosinophil cytoplasm?
What is the color of eosinophil cytoplasm?
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What is the function of eosinophils?
What is the function of eosinophils?
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What shape do eosinophils have?
What shape do eosinophils have?
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In what situation do basophils increase in number?
In what situation do basophils increase in number?
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The cytoplasm of eosinophils is colored _____.
The cytoplasm of eosinophils is colored _____.
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Study Notes
Phagocytosis
- The process of engulfing and destroying microorganisms or damaged cells.
- Discovered by Ellie Metchnikoff.
- Metchnikoff observed transparent starfish larvae and noted moving cells trying to get rid of foreign material.
Major Events in Phagocytosis
- Initiation: Occurs due to tissue damage, either from trauma or microorganisms.
- Chemotaxis: Movement of cells in a specific direction guided by substances that attract phagocytic cells to the site of inflammation. Without chemotaxis, cells move randomly.
- Engulfment: The process of ingesting foreign material or microorganisms through membrane invagination.
- Digestion: Killing of pathogenic microorganisms.
Different Steps in Phagocytosis
- Adherence: The initial step where the phagocyte binds to the microorganism or foreign material.
Types of Phagocytic Cells
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Neutrophils:
- The primary white blood cell responsible for phagocytosis.
- Appear pink to lilac in color.
- Nuclei are purple blue.
- Cytoplasm is pinkish tan.
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Eosinophils:
- Sphere-shaped, visible in peripheral blood smears.
- 1-5% of white blood cells.
- Larger than neutrophils.
- Cytoplasm contains granules with a strong affinity to acid dye, giving them an orange to reddish color.
- Granules can be round or oval and are evenly distributed.
- They are bilobed, with two distinct lobes that can have a spectacle shape.
- Less efficient phagocytosis due to the presence of lysozyme.
- They neutralize basophil and mast cell products and kill parasites.
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Basophils:
- Rare and difficult to find in peripheral blood smears.
- Increase in number during allergic reactions.
- Their population is relatively small.
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Description
Explore the fascinating process of phagocytosis, which involves the engulfing and destruction of foreign microorganisms and damaged cells. Discover the major events, different steps, and types of phagocytic cells essential for our immune response. This quiz will deepen your understanding of how the body defends itself against infection.
