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Questions and Answers
What is the correct order of phagocytosis?
What is the correct order of phagocytosis?
Phagocytosis is a specific response to a pathogen.
Phagocytosis is a specific response to a pathogen.
False
What does the term 'engulf' mean?
What does the term 'engulf' mean?
To surround and take in something
Pathogens have specific _____ on their surface.
Pathogens have specific _____ on their surface.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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What type of pathogen causes malaria?
What type of pathogen causes malaria?
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Stomach acid does not help destroy pathogens in the digestive system.
Stomach acid does not help destroy pathogens in the digestive system.
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Why are viruses hard to destroy?
Why are viruses hard to destroy?
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White blood cells use ______ to engulf and digest pathogens.
White blood cells use ______ to engulf and digest pathogens.
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What is the main barrier to infection in the digestive system?
What is the main barrier to infection in the digestive system?
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Match the immune system components with their functions:
Match the immune system components with their functions:
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What three factors are needed for 'good health'?
What three factors are needed for 'good health'?
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All microorganisms carry diseases.
All microorganisms carry diseases.
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Producing anti-toxins will defend against bacterial but not viral infections.
Producing anti-toxins will defend against bacterial but not viral infections.
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Which type of immune cells destroy pathogens?
Which type of immune cells destroy pathogens?
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What is phagocytosis?
What is phagocytosis?
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The immune system helps destroy pathogens that enter the body using _____ blood cells.
The immune system helps destroy pathogens that enter the body using _____ blood cells.
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What type of immune response does vaccination primarily provoke?
What type of immune response does vaccination primarily provoke?
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Match the following immune system responses with their functions:
Match the following immune system responses with their functions:
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Antibodies can only be produced to target bacteria.
Antibodies can only be produced to target bacteria.
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The body may take a few days to start making the correct _____ after the first infection.
The body may take a few days to start making the correct _____ after the first infection.
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What process do white blood cells use to engulf and digest pathogens?
What process do white blood cells use to engulf and digest pathogens?
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White blood cells only produce antibodies for all types of pathogens.
White blood cells only produce antibodies for all types of pathogens.
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Name one way through which white blood cells fight infections.
Name one way through which white blood cells fight infections.
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White blood cells can produce _________ which help neutralize toxins produced by bacteria.
White blood cells can produce _________ which help neutralize toxins produced by bacteria.
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Match the following immune functions with their descriptions:
Match the following immune functions with their descriptions:
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Which of the following is NOT a function of white blood cells?
Which of the following is NOT a function of white blood cells?
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Phagocytosis helps protect by binding antibodies to toxins.
Phagocytosis helps protect by binding antibodies to toxins.
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What happens to James as a result of antibody production?
What happens to James as a result of antibody production?
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Study Notes
Immune System Function
- The immune system protects the body from pathogens.
- Pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists.
- The body has defenses against pathogens, including physical and chemical barriers.
- The immune system produces white blood cells to fight infections.
Types of Pathogens
- Malaria is caused by a pathogen.
- Some bacteria damage tissues by producing toxins.
- Stomach acid acts as a barrier against pathogens in the digestive system.
- Antibiotics do not work on viruses.
White Blood Cells
- White blood cells are specialist cells involved in the immune system.
- Some white blood cells engulf and digest pathogens (phagocytosis).
- Other white blood cells produce antibodies to target specific pathogens.
- Other white blood cells produce antitoxins that neutralize bacterial toxins.
Phagocytosis
- Phagocytosis is when white blood cells engulf and digest pathogens.
- The order of phagocytosis is engulfing the pathogen, then digesting it.
- Engulfing means to surround and take in something.
- Digesting means breaking down something.
- Phagocytosis is a non-specific defense mechanism, meaning it targets any pathogen.
Antigens and Antibodies
- Antigens are markers on pathogens.
- Antibodies are produced by the body to match and target antigens.
- Antibodies bind to antigens and destroy the pathogen.
- Antigens are specific markers on pathogens.
Vaccinations
- Vaccinations introduce a "dead or deactivated" pathogen into the body.
- This exposes the body to antigens without causing the disease.
- This helps the body produce antibodies to fight the infection in the future.
Covid-19
- Covid-19 is caused by a virus.
- Phagocytosis, antibody production, and antitoxin production can help destroy the virus.
Further Immune System Function
- White blood cells function in 3 ways: Phagocytosis, antibody production, and antitoxin production.
- The human body's immune system helps defend against pathogens and resist disease.
- Pathogens can be infectious (communicable).
- Lifestyle factors can increase risk of non-communicable illnesses.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the immune system, phagocytosis, and how pathogens are fought by the body. This quiz covers various aspects of immune responses, including vaccination and the functions of white blood cells. Challenge yourself and learn about the complexities of defending against infections.
