Immune System and Phagocytosis Quiz

Which of the following are primary defenses of the immune system?

The presence of opsonins slows down the process of phagocytosis.

What is the main difference between the primary and secondary immune responses?

The ______ system transports pathogens to lymph nodes, where ______ and ______ are produced.

What role do opsonins play in the immune response?

The secondary immune response is slower because it relies on memory cells.

What is the primary function of phagocytes in the immune system?

_______ transport pathogens to the lymph nodes, where _______ and _______ are produced.

Match the following cells with their functions in the immune response:

Plant chemical defenses are a type of physical barrier that protects plants from pests and diseases.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a plant chemical defense?

Chitinases are enzymes released by plants to break down ______ in the cell walls of fungi.

What is the primary function of antibacterial compounds produced by plants?

Match the following plant chemical defenses with their primary function:

Which of the following is a passive defense mechanism employed by plants to deter pathogens?

The active defense mechanism known as the hypersensitive response (HR) involves rapid cell death around the infection site, effectively starving the pathogen.

What is the primary function of callose deposition in plants' active defense mechanisms?

The ______ is a waxy layer that acts as a physical barrier against pathogens.

Match the following plant defense mechanisms with their primary function:

During the inflammation stage, histamine causes blood vessels to constrict, reducing blood flow to the wound site.

The process by which phagocytes engulf pathogens is called ______.

What is the primary function of cytokines during the inflammation stage?

What is the role of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in phagocytosis?

Match the following stages of wound healing with their key characteristics:

What is the primary function of antibodies in the immune system?

T cells mature in the bone marrow.

What is the role of T helper cells in the immune system?

The process by which antibodies bind to antigens on pathogens, forming a complex, is called ______.

Match the following types of lymphocytes with their locations of maturation:

Which of the following is NOT a physical barrier in the body's first line of defense?

Lysozyme is a chemical secretion that breaks down bacterial cell walls.

What is the primary function of phagocytic cells in the immune response?

The process of ______ involves blood clotting, which prevents excessive blood loss and creates a barrier against pathogens.

Match the following immune responses with their corresponding descriptions:

The variable region of an antibody is responsible for:

The constant region of an antibody is responsible for binding to a specific antigen.

What is the role of the hinge region in an antibody?

Antibodies are composed of two ______ chains and two ______ chains.

Match the following terms with their corresponding description in antibody structure:

Which of the following is NOT a function of antibodies?

B cell receptors (BCRs) are specific to individual antigens, meaning each B cell has a unique BCR that can only bind to a specific antigen.

What is the name of the process by which memory cells rapidly divide to create plasma cells in response to a previously encountered pathogen?

The ______ immune response is the initial response to a pathogen, while the ______ immune response is a more rapid and effective response to a previously encountered pathogen.

Match the following terms with their descriptions.

What is the primary mechanism of neutralization in the immune response?

Antibodies can only neutralize pathogens that are already inside host cells.

Explain how antibody binding can prevent a pathogen from entering a host cell.

The process of antibodies binding to toxins or pathogens is called ______.

Match the following terms with their descriptions related to antibody structure:

Which type of T cell is responsible for destroying infected cells?

B cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity.

What is the primary function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

The process by which activated cells specifically targeted by antigens divide and specialize to form clones is called ______.

Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions: