Petrochemical Feedstocks Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of a petroleum refinery?

  • To decrease the demand for gasoline
  • To increase the price of crude oil
  • To maximize the production of high-demand products (correct)
  • To minimize the variety of products produced

    • Which product needs further processing at another facility, according to the text?

  • Jet fuel
  • Gasoline
  • Kerosene
  • Petrochemicals (correct)

    • How does the boiling point of hydrocarbons change with the increase in carbon atoms?

  • It remains constant
  • It decreases
  • It fluctuates
  • It increases (correct)

    • Which compound consists of two carbon atoms in a chain with six hydrogen atoms attached?

    <p>Ethane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of asphalt and tar in a refinery?

    <p>To produce other products like road material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which product falls under the category of petrochemicals and lubricating oil feedstock?

    <p>Plastics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of petrochemical is produced in the cracking process?

    <p>Olefins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of high-pressure steam in a refinery?

    <p>Driving turbines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which utility system is the first to start up and the last to shut down in a refinery?

    <p>High-pressure steam system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of injecting steam into side stream stripping columns in a refinery?

    <p>To facilitate movement of light products up the column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a refinery, what is the role of atomizing steam in the combustion process?

    <p>To enhance combustion by breaking fuel oil into fine droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which petrochemical group includes chemicals like benzene, toluene, and xylenes?

    <p>Aromatics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mixture of CO and H2 known as in the petrochemical industry?

    <p>Synthesis Gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of waste heat recovery boilers in a refinery?

    <p>To recover heat from hot products for steam generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of steam is typically used as a more reliable utility than purchased power in a refinery?

    <p>High-pressure steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential function of steam in tower reboilers within a refinery?

    <p>Providing heat for the fractionation process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that allows for the separation of crude oil into fractions during the refining process?

    <p>Boiling point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process alters the molecular structure of compounds during the refining of crude oil?

    <p>Cracking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the fractionating or distillation towers in a refinery?

    <p>To separate crude oil into different fractions based on boiling points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of heaters in the initial stages of a refinery process?

    <p>To heat the crude oil efficiently to required temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the distillation column, why do certain components change into liquid phase and fall?

    <p>As the temperature drops below their boiling points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are recovered at the lowest temperatures during distillation?

    <p><em>Liquefied petroleum gases</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of steam purging in a refinery hydrocarbon unit?

    <p>To clean towers and associated equipment for vessel entry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for introducing steam prior to start-up in a refinery tower?

    <p>To heat up and remove oxygen from the refinery towers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In heavy oil upgrader operations, what is the purpose of a diluent recovery unit?

    <p>To remove light gas oil component of dilbit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the light gas oil stream in the heavy oil upgrader operations after separation?

    <p>Sent to hydrotreaters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main product of the atmospheric distillation tower in heavy oil upgrader operations?

    <p>Naphtha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is hydrogen added during hydrotreating in heavy oil upgrader operations?

    <p>To remove sulfur and nitrogen from the streams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one purpose of the hydro converter or coker in heavy oil upgrader operations?

    <p>To produce lighter liquid product and by-product coke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the lighter liquid product from the hydro converter or coker in heavy oil upgrader operations?

    <p>Mixed with heavy vacuum gas oil and sent to separate hydrotreaters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is predominantly fed to the vacuum distillation unit in heavy oil upgrader operations?

    <p>Atmospheric topped bitumen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is removed from bitumen before entering into primary upgraders?

    <p>Diluent and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

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