Podcast
Questions and Answers
Personology emphasizes that personality is completely fixed and unchangeable.
Personology emphasizes that personality is completely fixed and unchangeable.
False
Affiliation means to adhere and remain loyal to a friend.
Affiliation means to adhere and remain loyal to a friend.
True
According to Murray, achieving a tension-free state is the primary goal of human behavior.
According to Murray, achieving a tension-free state is the primary goal of human behavior.
False
The Id consists solely of socially acceptable innate impulses.
The Id consists solely of socially acceptable innate impulses.
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Aggression is defined as the avoidance of fighting or attacking others.
Aggression is defined as the avoidance of fighting or attacking others.
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Counteraction refers to overcoming weaknesses and repressing fear.
Counteraction refers to overcoming weaknesses and repressing fear.
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The superego is influenced only by parental figures.
The superego is influenced only by parental figures.
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The ego-ideal represents the best version of ourselves, including our aspirations and ambitions.
The ego-ideal represents the best version of ourselves, including our aspirations and ambitions.
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Dominance is the ability to resist coercion and restriction.
Dominance is the ability to resist coercion and restriction.
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Motivation always pertains to external factors influencing an organism.
Motivation always pertains to external factors influencing an organism.
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Secondary needs arise directly from internal bodily states.
Secondary needs arise directly from internal bodily states.
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Abasement involves embracing praise and recognition.
Abasement involves embracing praise and recognition.
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Reactive needs are only activated when a specific object appears in the environment.
Reactive needs are only activated when a specific object appears in the environment.
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The fusion of needs allows multiple needs to be satisfied by a single behavior.
The fusion of needs allows multiple needs to be satisfied by a single behavior.
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Achievement is defined as the act of overcoming obstacles to reach a high standard.
Achievement is defined as the act of overcoming obstacles to reach a high standard.
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Subsidiation occurs when a need is developed to satisfy another need.
Subsidiation occurs when a need is developed to satisfy another need.
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A claustral complex is characterized by a desire to be in confined, open spaces.
A claustral complex is characterized by a desire to be in confined, open spaces.
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The oral aggression complex involves passive tendencies and the need to be protected.
The oral aggression complex involves passive tendencies and the need to be protected.
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The urethral complex is associated with the sensation of pleasure during urination.
The urethral complex is associated with the sensation of pleasure during urination.
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The castration complex can involve a boy's fear of losing his penis.
The castration complex can involve a boy's fear of losing his penis.
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The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is based on interpreting clear and straightforward images.
The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is based on interpreting clear and straightforward images.
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Study Notes
Personology
- Murray's term for the study of personality, rooted in the brain's physiological processes, which guide all personality aspects.
- Personality is a process of tension reduction, aiming for satisfaction rather than tension-free states.
- Personality development is continuous, constructed from all life events, and not static. Individual uniqueness & similarities are recognized.
Id
- The repository of innate impulsive tendencies (both acceptable & unacceptable).
- Includes primitive, amoral, and lustful impulses, along with empathy and love.
Superego
- Developed from parents, authority figures, and peers.
- Cultural values and norms internalized.
- Contains the ego-ideal: aspirations and ideal behaviors a person should strive for.
Ego
- The rational governor of personality.
- Tries to modify or delay unacceptable impulses from the id.
- Acts as an arbiter between the id and superego.
- Guides actions in harmony with societal expectations.
Motivation
- Refers to internal drives influencing behavior.
- Examples include Abasement (accepting blame), Achievement (overcoming challenges), Affiliation (loyalty), Aggression (fighting), etc.
Primary Needs
- Viscerogenic needs arising from bodily states.
- Include survival needs (food, water), sex, and harmavoidance (avoiding harm).
Secondary Needs
- Psychogenic, arising indirectly from primary needs.
- Driven by mental and emotional satisfaction, with examples including understanding and exhibition.
Need Fusion
- Satisfying one need can contribute to fulfilling another.
Need Subsidiation
- One need can be activated to aid in satisfying another.
Press
- Factors in the environment that pressure an individual to act in specific ways.
Thema/Unity Thema
- Interaction between personal needs & environmental factors impacting behavior.
Complexes
- Personality traits that hinder spontaneity and flexibility.
- Claustral Complex: A desire for safe, enclosed, warm, and dark spaces.
- Anti-Claustral/Egress Complex: Fear of confinement and a need to escape.
- Oral Complex (succorance): Pleasure in sucking and a need for support.
- Oral Complex (aggression): Combining oral and aggressive behaviors (biting, spitting).
- Anal Complex (rejection): Focus on defecation, body wastes, and anal humor.
- Anal Complex (retention): Collecting, cleanliness, saving, and orderliness.
- Urethral Complex: Pleasure associated with urination.
- Icarus Complex: Attempting to rise to impossible levels, leading to a fall.
- Genital/Castration Complex: Pleasure associated with genitals and potential castration concerns.
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
- A set of ambiguous images.
- People project feelings and thoughts onto the characters.
- Reveals hidden thoughts and desires.
- Projection: Attributing troubling impulses to another person.
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Description
Explore the concepts of personology, id, superego, and ego as key components of personality theory. This quiz delves into how these elements interact and shape individual behavior and development. Understand the continuous process of personality and its underlying tensions.
