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What is the difference between health and wellness?
What is the difference between health and wellness?
Health refers to the overall condition of a person's body and the presence or absence of injury or illness. Wellness is the ability to achieve optimal health and live to the fullest.
What are the six dimensions of wellness?
What are the six dimensions of wellness?
Physical, Emotional, Intellectual, Interpersonal, Spiritual, Environmental, Occupational, and Financial.
Give examples of qualities and behaviors associated with wellness.
Give examples of qualities and behaviors associated with wellness.
Eating well, truth, openness to new ideas, communication skills, joy, and recycling.
What is a risk factor?
What is a risk factor?
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What is the difference between an infectious disease and a chronic disease?
What is the difference between an infectious disease and a chronic disease?
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What are health-related differences among people that have implications for wellness?
What are health-related differences among people that have implications for wellness?
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What is locus of control?
What is locus of control?
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What is a target behavior?
What is a target behavior?
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What does SMARTER refer to when setting goals?
What does SMARTER refer to when setting goals?
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What are the six stages of change in the stages of change model?
What are the six stages of change in the stages of change model?
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What details should a target behavior contract include?
What details should a target behavior contract include?
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What is the difference between physical activity and exercise?
What is the difference between physical activity and exercise?
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What is a stress barrier?
What is a stress barrier?
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What is physical fitness?
What is physical fitness?
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What are the five components of health-related fitness?
What are the five components of health-related fitness?
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What is VO2 Max?
What is VO2 Max?
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What is target heart rate?
What is target heart rate?
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The equation to work out your maximum heart rate is 220 - ______.
The equation to work out your maximum heart rate is 220 - ______.
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What are skill-related components of fitness?
What are skill-related components of fitness?
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How does exercise improve total wellness?
How does exercise improve total wellness?
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What are the immediate and long-term effects of regular exercise?
What are the immediate and long-term effects of regular exercise?
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Name four diseases that exercise can prevent.
Name four diseases that exercise can prevent.
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What is the physical activity pyramid and what does it suggest?
What is the physical activity pyramid and what does it suggest?
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What should males over the age of 40 do before exercising?
What should males over the age of 40 do before exercising?
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What are the ACSM guidelines for fitness development in healthy adults?
What are the ACSM guidelines for fitness development in healthy adults?
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What are the principles of training?
What are the principles of training?
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What does FITT stand for?
What does FITT stand for?
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Why is it important to warm up and cool down?
Why is it important to warm up and cool down?
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What is a set and repetition in strength training?
What is a set and repetition in strength training?
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What is the difference between active and passive stretching?
What is the difference between active and passive stretching?
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What is dynamic and static stretching?
What is dynamic and static stretching?
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What type of stretch should not be performed?
What type of stretch should not be performed?
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of exercise machines versus free weights?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of exercise machines versus free weights?
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What activities are aerobic versus anaerobic?
What activities are aerobic versus anaerobic?
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What is circuit training?
What is circuit training?
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What are the three energy systems?
What are the three energy systems?
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How can we increase intensity?
How can we increase intensity?
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What is the difference between isotonic and isometric contraction?
What is the difference between isotonic and isometric contraction?
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What is RPE?
What is RPE?
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What are the four steps when planning an exercise program?
What are the four steps when planning an exercise program?
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What are the Healthy People 2020 objectives?
What are the Healthy People 2020 objectives?
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Study Notes
Health and Wellness
- Health refers to the overall condition of the body, including the presence or absence of illness.
- Wellness is the ability to achieve optimal health and live life fully.
Dimensions of Wellness
- Six dimensions include: Physical, Emotional, Intellectual, Interpersonal, Spiritual, Environmental, Occupational, and Financial.
Qualities and Behaviors of Wellness
- Examples include healthy eating, honesty, openness to new ideas, effective communication, joy, and recycling.
Risk Factors
- A condition that increases the likelihood of disease or injury; for example, smoking.
Infectious vs. Chronic Diseases
- Infectious diseases: Spread from person to person, caused by microorganisms (e.g., common cold).
- Chronic diseases: Develop and persist over long periods (e.g., heart disease).
Health-Related Differences
- Sex and Gender: Men tend to smoke and drink more than women.
- Ethnicity influences disease prevalence (e.g., sickle-cell disease in African Americans).
- Income and Education correlate with health outcomes; lower levels predict poor health.
- Disabilities may lead to inactivity and higher obesity rates.
- Geographic Location: Rural residents often have lower activity levels and safety practices.
- Sexual Orientation: LGBTQ+ individuals may experience lower emotional health and higher risk behaviors.
Locus of Control
- Represents individual perspectives on life control.
- Internal locus: Individuals feel they control their life outcomes.
- External locus: Individuals believe external factors dictate their life events.
Target Behavior
- A specific behavior selected for change in a behavioral modification program.
SMARTER Goals
- Framework for goal setting: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Time-bound, Evaluate, Record.
Stages of Change Model
- Precontemplation: Unawareness of a problem.
- Contemplation: Awareness and intention to act.
- Preparation: Initial action towards behavior change.
- Action: Active modification of behavior.
- Maintenance: Sustaining new behavior for at least six months.
- Termination: No risk of reverting to old behavior.
Target Behavior Contract
- Should contain details on monitoring behavior, data analysis, SMARTER goal setting, and devising an action plan.
Physical Activity vs. Exercise
- Physical activity: Any movement requiring energy.
- Exercise: Planned, structured, and repetitive movement.
Stress Barriers
- Excuses or obstacles preventing action.
Physical Fitness
- The body’s ability to adapt to physical effort demands.
Health-Related Fitness Components
- Cardiorespiratory endurance, Muscular strength, Flexibility, Body composition.
VO2 Max
- The maximum rate at which the body can transport and utilize oxygen during exercise.
Target Heart Rate
- Heart rate range to achieve during cardiovascular workouts for health benefits.
Maximum Heart Rate Equation
- Calculated as 220 minus age.
Skill-Related Components of Fitness
- Speed, Power, Agility, Balance, Coordination, Reaction Time.
Exercise Benefits
- Enhances energy, stamina, weight control, stress management, immune function, and disease prevention.
Immediate and Long-term Effects of Exercise
- Reduces premature death, improves metabolism, enhances emotional wellness, boosts immunity, and prevents injury.
Disease Prevention through Exercise
- Regular exercise can prevent cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis.
Physical Activity Pyramid
- Suggests 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week, with strength training and minimal sedentary activity.
Exercise Preparation for Older Men
- Recommended to consult a healthcare provider before starting an exercise program.
ACSM Fitness Guidelines (2009)
- Moderate aerobic activity: 150 minutes/week; vigorous: 75 minutes/week.
- Muscle strength training: 2 days/week; flexibility exercises: 2 days/week.
Training Principles (SPORTI)
- Specificity, Progressive overload, Overload, Reversibility, Tedium, Individual considerations.
FITT Principle
- Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type of exercise.
Importance of Warming Up and Cooling Down
- Warming up improves performance and reduces injury risk.
- Cooling down restores normal circulation.
Sets and Repetitions in Strength Training
- A set refers to a group of consecutive repetitions.
Active vs. Passive Stretching
- Active stretching involves contracting opposing muscles.
- Passive stretching is aided by external forces like a partner or gravity.
Dynamic vs. Static Stretching
- Dynamic stretching involves moving joints through their range.
- Static stretching involves holding a position.
Least Recommended Stretching Method
- Ballistic stretching can lead to injury due to bouncing motions.
Exercise Machines vs. Free Weights
- Free weights require a spotter and proper form awareness.
- Machines are adjustable, but can also cause injury if misused.
Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Activities
- Aerobic: Requires oxygen, burns fat (e.g., jogging).
- Anaerobic: Short-duration, high intensity, uses glucose (e.g., weight lifting).
Circuit Training
- Combines strength and endurance exercises while promoting balance and coordination.
Energy Systems in Sports
- Three energy systems tailored for specific sports performance (details on each required).
Increasing Exercise Intensity
- Use progressive overload to enhance fitness adaptations.
Isotonic vs. Isometric Contractions
- Isometric: Muscle contracts without movement (e.g., planks).
- Isotonic: Muscle contracts with movement (e.g., bench press).
Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
- A subjective scale (1-10) to measure exercise intensity, influenced by external factors like music.
Planning an Exercise Program
- Steps include consistency, fitness assessment, injury prevention, and commitment to the program.
Healthy People 2020 Objectives
- Aims to eliminate preventable diseases and injuries, promote health equity, improve health environments, and foster healthy behaviors throughout life.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the key concepts of health and wellness with this quiz. You'll explore definitions, dimensions, and factors that contribute to overall well-being. Perfect for those looking to enhance their understanding of personal health!