Personal Health and Wellness Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between health and wellness?

Health refers to the overall condition of a person's body and the presence or absence of injury or illness. Wellness is the ability to achieve optimal health and live to the fullest.

What are the six dimensions of wellness?

Physical, Emotional, Intellectual, Interpersonal, Spiritual, Environmental, Occupational, and Financial.

Give examples of qualities and behaviors associated with wellness.

Eating well, truth, openness to new ideas, communication skills, joy, and recycling.

What is a risk factor?

<p>A condition that increases one's chances of disease or injury, such as smoking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an infectious disease and a chronic disease?

<p>Infectious diseases spread from person to person and are caused by microorganisms, while chronic diseases develop and continue over a long period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are health-related differences among people that have implications for wellness?

<p>Factors include Sex and Gender, Ethnicity, Income and Education, Disability, Geographic Location, and Sexual Orientation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is locus of control?

<p>It refers to the figurative place a person designates as the source of responsibility for the events in their life, either internal or external.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a target behavior?

<p>An isolated behavior selected as the object for a behavioral change program.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SMARTER refer to when setting goals?

<p>Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Time scale, Evaluate, Record.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the six stages of change in the stages of change model?

<ol> <li>Precontemplation 2. Contemplation 3. Preparation 4. Action 5. Maintenance 6. Termination.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What details should a target behavior contract include?

<ol> <li>Monitor your behavior and gather data 2. Analyze the data and identify patterns 3. Be SMARTER about setting goals 4. Devise a plan of action.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between physical activity and exercise?

<p>Physical activity is any movement carried out by the skeletal muscles that requires energy, while exercise is planned, structured, repetitive movement of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a stress barrier?

<p>Excuses or obstacles that will prevent you from doing something.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is physical fitness?

<p>The body's ability to respond or adapt to the demands and stress of physical effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five components of health-related fitness?

<p>Cardiorespiratory endurance, Muscular Strength, Flexibility, Body Composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is VO2 Max?

<p>The body's maximum ability to transport and use oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is target heart rate?

<p>The range of heart rates that should be reached and maintained during cardiorespiratory endurance exercise to obtain benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation to work out your maximum heart rate is 220 - ______.

<p>age</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are skill-related components of fitness?

<p>Speed, Power, Agility, Balance, Coordination, Reaction Time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does exercise improve total wellness?

<p>Exercise generates energy, increases stamina, controls weight, manages stress, boosts the immune system, and prevents various diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the immediate and long-term effects of regular exercise?

<p>Reduces premature death, improves cardiorespiratory functioning, metabolism, body composition, psychological wellness, and immunity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name four diseases that exercise can prevent.

<p>Cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical activity pyramid and what does it suggest?

<p>It promotes health and includes recommendations for moderate-intensity activity, cardiorespiratory exercises, strength training, and limited sedentary behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should males over the age of 40 do before exercising?

<p>Consult with a healthcare provider.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the ACSM guidelines for fitness development in healthy adults?

<p>Perform moderate-intensity aerobic activity 150 mins/week or 75 mins of vigorous activity; for increased benefits, 300 mins moderate or 150 mins vigorous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the principles of training?

<p>Specific, Progressive, Overload, Reversibility, Tedium, Individual.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does FITT stand for?

<p>Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to warm up and cool down?

<p>Warming up enhances performance and decreases injury risk; cooling down restores circulation to normal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a set and repetition in strength training?

<p>Set: a group of repetitions. Repetition: one complete motion of an exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between active and passive stretching?

<p>Active stretching uses muscle contraction to stretch, while passive stretching involves an outside force helping to elongate muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dynamic and static stretching?

<p>Dynamic stretching involves actively moving through a joint's range of motion, while static stretching involves holding a position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of stretch should not be performed?

<p>Ballistic stretching.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages and disadvantages of exercise machines versus free weights?

<p>Free weights require a spotter and awareness of body position; machines can be dangerous but can adjust to ability levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What activities are aerobic versus anaerobic?

<p>Aerobic activities require oxygen, like jogging, while anaerobic activities do not, such as weight lifting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is circuit training?

<p>It helps develop strength, endurance, flexibility, and coordination while avoiding training imbalances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three energy systems?

<p>The three energy systems are the phosphagen system, anaerobic glycolysis, and aerobic system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we increase intensity?

<p>By applying the principle of progressive overload, which involves increasing stress on the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between isotonic and isometric contraction?

<p>Isometric: applying force without movement; Isotonic: applying force with movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is RPE?

<p>Rate of Perceived Exertion; a scale from 1-10 that shows how hard one is exercising.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four steps when planning an exercise program?

<p>Exercise consistently, assess your fitness, prevent injury, and stay with the program.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the Healthy People 2020 objectives?

<p>Eliminate preventable disease and disability, achieve health equity, and promote healthy development across every life stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Health and Wellness

  • Health refers to the overall condition of the body, including the presence or absence of illness.
  • Wellness is the ability to achieve optimal health and live life fully.

Dimensions of Wellness

  • Six dimensions include: Physical, Emotional, Intellectual, Interpersonal, Spiritual, Environmental, Occupational, and Financial.

Qualities and Behaviors of Wellness

  • Examples include healthy eating, honesty, openness to new ideas, effective communication, joy, and recycling.

Risk Factors

  • A condition that increases the likelihood of disease or injury; for example, smoking.

Infectious vs. Chronic Diseases

  • Infectious diseases: Spread from person to person, caused by microorganisms (e.g., common cold).
  • Chronic diseases: Develop and persist over long periods (e.g., heart disease).
  • Sex and Gender: Men tend to smoke and drink more than women.
  • Ethnicity influences disease prevalence (e.g., sickle-cell disease in African Americans).
  • Income and Education correlate with health outcomes; lower levels predict poor health.
  • Disabilities may lead to inactivity and higher obesity rates.
  • Geographic Location: Rural residents often have lower activity levels and safety practices.
  • Sexual Orientation: LGBTQ+ individuals may experience lower emotional health and higher risk behaviors.

Locus of Control

  • Represents individual perspectives on life control.
  • Internal locus: Individuals feel they control their life outcomes.
  • External locus: Individuals believe external factors dictate their life events.

Target Behavior

  • A specific behavior selected for change in a behavioral modification program.

SMARTER Goals

  • Framework for goal setting: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Time-bound, Evaluate, Record.

Stages of Change Model

  • Precontemplation: Unawareness of a problem.
  • Contemplation: Awareness and intention to act.
  • Preparation: Initial action towards behavior change.
  • Action: Active modification of behavior.
  • Maintenance: Sustaining new behavior for at least six months.
  • Termination: No risk of reverting to old behavior.

Target Behavior Contract

  • Should contain details on monitoring behavior, data analysis, SMARTER goal setting, and devising an action plan.

Physical Activity vs. Exercise

  • Physical activity: Any movement requiring energy.
  • Exercise: Planned, structured, and repetitive movement.

Stress Barriers

  • Excuses or obstacles preventing action.

Physical Fitness

  • The body’s ability to adapt to physical effort demands.
  • Cardiorespiratory endurance, Muscular strength, Flexibility, Body composition.

VO2 Max

  • The maximum rate at which the body can transport and utilize oxygen during exercise.

Target Heart Rate

  • Heart rate range to achieve during cardiovascular workouts for health benefits.

Maximum Heart Rate Equation

  • Calculated as 220 minus age.
  • Speed, Power, Agility, Balance, Coordination, Reaction Time.

Exercise Benefits

  • Enhances energy, stamina, weight control, stress management, immune function, and disease prevention.

Immediate and Long-term Effects of Exercise

  • Reduces premature death, improves metabolism, enhances emotional wellness, boosts immunity, and prevents injury.

Disease Prevention through Exercise

  • Regular exercise can prevent cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis.

Physical Activity Pyramid

  • Suggests 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week, with strength training and minimal sedentary activity.

Exercise Preparation for Older Men

  • Recommended to consult a healthcare provider before starting an exercise program.

ACSM Fitness Guidelines (2009)

  • Moderate aerobic activity: 150 minutes/week; vigorous: 75 minutes/week.
  • Muscle strength training: 2 days/week; flexibility exercises: 2 days/week.

Training Principles (SPORTI)

  • Specificity, Progressive overload, Overload, Reversibility, Tedium, Individual considerations.

FITT Principle

  • Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type of exercise.

Importance of Warming Up and Cooling Down

  • Warming up improves performance and reduces injury risk.
  • Cooling down restores normal circulation.

Sets and Repetitions in Strength Training

  • A set refers to a group of consecutive repetitions.

Active vs. Passive Stretching

  • Active stretching involves contracting opposing muscles.
  • Passive stretching is aided by external forces like a partner or gravity.

Dynamic vs. Static Stretching

  • Dynamic stretching involves moving joints through their range.
  • Static stretching involves holding a position.
  • Ballistic stretching can lead to injury due to bouncing motions.

Exercise Machines vs. Free Weights

  • Free weights require a spotter and proper form awareness.
  • Machines are adjustable, but can also cause injury if misused.

Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Activities

  • Aerobic: Requires oxygen, burns fat (e.g., jogging).
  • Anaerobic: Short-duration, high intensity, uses glucose (e.g., weight lifting).

Circuit Training

  • Combines strength and endurance exercises while promoting balance and coordination.

Energy Systems in Sports

  • Three energy systems tailored for specific sports performance (details on each required).

Increasing Exercise Intensity

  • Use progressive overload to enhance fitness adaptations.

Isotonic vs. Isometric Contractions

  • Isometric: Muscle contracts without movement (e.g., planks).
  • Isotonic: Muscle contracts with movement (e.g., bench press).

Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE)

  • A subjective scale (1-10) to measure exercise intensity, influenced by external factors like music.

Planning an Exercise Program

  • Steps include consistency, fitness assessment, injury prevention, and commitment to the program.

Healthy People 2020 Objectives

  • Aims to eliminate preventable diseases and injuries, promote health equity, improve health environments, and foster healthy behaviors throughout life.

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Test your knowledge on the key concepts of health and wellness with this quiz. You'll explore definitions, dimensions, and factors that contribute to overall well-being. Perfect for those looking to enhance their understanding of personal health!

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