Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the function of the pericardium?
What is the function of the pericardium?
- To reduce contact between the heart and the surrounding structures (correct)
- To pump blood to the surrounding structures
- To cause an increase in intrapericardial pressure
- To stretch rapidly to accommodate fluid accumulation
What is acute pericarditis characterized by?
What is acute pericarditis characterized by?
- Thickened, rigid, and fibrous pericardium
- Symptom-free interval of > 4-6 weeks
- Inflammation of the inner visceral layer of the pericardium
- Inflammation of the pericardium lasting < 3 months (correct)
What is cardiac tamponade associated with?
What is cardiac tamponade associated with?
- Chronic pericarditis
- Pericarditis
- Pericardial effusion (correct)
- Constrictive pericarditis
What is the most common etiology of infectious pericarditis?
What is the most common etiology of infectious pericarditis?
What characterizes constrictive pericarditis?
What characterizes constrictive pericarditis?
What is the condition called when there is a recurrence of pericarditis after a symptom-free interval?
What is the condition called when there is a recurrence of pericarditis after a symptom-free interval?
The radiographic sign of a large pericardial effusion in which the cardiac silhouette resembles a bottle is known as:
The radiographic sign of a large pericardial effusion in which the cardiac silhouette resembles a bottle is known as:
Which imaging modality is the most accurate technique to image calcified tissue in the context of constrictive pericarditis?
Which imaging modality is the most accurate technique to image calcified tissue in the context of constrictive pericarditis?
In the context of constrictive pericarditis, what is the main differential diagnosis for which BNP levels can be used to differentiate?
In the context of constrictive pericarditis, what is the main differential diagnosis for which BNP levels can be used to differentiate?
What is the recommended diagnostic tool for detecting pericardial effusions and pericardial tamponade due to its quick and safe nature?
What is the recommended diagnostic tool for detecting pericardial effusions and pericardial tamponade due to its quick and safe nature?
Which condition may show associated myocarditis on cardiac MRI in the context of constrictive pericarditis?
Which condition may show associated myocarditis on cardiac MRI in the context of constrictive pericarditis?
What is the primary differential diagnosis for constrictive pericarditis when the diagnosis is not clear after non-invasive tests, as indicated by similar pressures in the left and right atria and right ventricle at the end of diastole?
What is the primary differential diagnosis for constrictive pericarditis when the diagnosis is not clear after non-invasive tests, as indicated by similar pressures in the left and right atria and right ventricle at the end of diastole?
Which anatomical detail of the heart and pericardium can be assessed using CT scan with IV contrast in the context of constrictive pericarditis?
Which anatomical detail of the heart and pericardium can be assessed using CT scan with IV contrast in the context of constrictive pericarditis?
Which blood markers are commonly elevated in patients with acute pericarditis, indicating an elevation of inflammatory markers?
Which blood markers are commonly elevated in patients with acute pericarditis, indicating an elevation of inflammatory markers?
Which chamber collapse during systole is an early sign of cardiac tamponade?
Which chamber collapse during systole is an early sign of cardiac tamponade?
What is the characteristic imaging tool used for diagnosing constrictive pericarditis based on characteristic imaging findings?
What is the characteristic imaging tool used for diagnosing constrictive pericarditis based on characteristic imaging findings?
In patients with acute pericarditis, when should aetiological investigations be considered according to the text?
In patients with acute pericarditis, when should aetiological investigations be considered according to the text?
What does equilibration of average diastolic pressure and characteristic respiratory reciprocation of cardiac pressures indicate in cardiac catheterization?
What does equilibration of average diastolic pressure and characteristic respiratory reciprocation of cardiac pressures indicate in cardiac catheterization?
What is the significance of a glucose level <60-80 mg/dL in pericardial fluid analysis?
What is the significance of a glucose level <60-80 mg/dL in pericardial fluid analysis?
What does an isolated pericardial fluid LDH elevation of >300 units/dL suggest?
What does an isolated pericardial fluid LDH elevation of >300 units/dL suggest?
Which investigation is indicated for suspected uremia as an underlying etiology of pericardial effusion?
Which investigation is indicated for suspected uremia as an underlying etiology of pericardial effusion?
In the context of recurrent pericarditis, what does the therapy target?
In the context of recurrent pericarditis, what does the therapy target?
What is the first step when a pericardial effusion is detected?
What is the first step when a pericardial effusion is detected?
What is the mainstay of therapy for acute pericarditis?
What is the mainstay of therapy for acute pericarditis?
When should corticosteroids be considered in the treatment of pericarditis?
When should corticosteroids be considered in the treatment of pericarditis?
What does cardiac tamponade without inflammatory signs suggest?
What does cardiac tamponade without inflammatory signs suggest?
When is pericardiocentesis alone necessary for the resolution of large effusions?
When is pericardiocentesis alone necessary for the resolution of large effusions?
What is the treatment approach for cardiac tamponade in unstable patients?
What is the treatment approach for cardiac tamponade in unstable patients?
What is the main mechanism for pericardial effusion that leads to cardiac tamponade?
What is the main mechanism for pericardial effusion that leads to cardiac tamponade?
Which symptom is NOT associated with pericardial effusion?
Which symptom is NOT associated with pericardial effusion?
What is the term for the inspiratory decrease in systolic blood pressure of more than 10 mmHg during normal breathing?
What is the term for the inspiratory decrease in systolic blood pressure of more than 10 mmHg during normal breathing?
Which condition is NOT a common cause of pericardial effusion?
Which condition is NOT a common cause of pericardial effusion?
What is the term for the high-pitched scratching sound on auscultation that indicates friction between the visceral and parietal pericardial tissue?
What is the term for the high-pitched scratching sound on auscultation that indicates friction between the visceral and parietal pericardial tissue?
Which chamber of the heart is especially affected by compression in cardiac tamponade?
Which chamber of the heart is especially affected by compression in cardiac tamponade?
What is the term for the dullness to percussion at the base of the left lung, increased vocal fremitus and bronchial breathing due to the compression of lung parenchyma by the pericardial effusion?
What is the term for the dullness to percussion at the base of the left lung, increased vocal fremitus and bronchial breathing due to the compression of lung parenchyma by the pericardial effusion?
Which disease is NOT associated with autoimmune connective tissue diseases as a cause of pericarditis?
Which disease is NOT associated with autoimmune connective tissue diseases as a cause of pericarditis?
What is the term for the life-threatening complication in pericardial effusion due to compression of the heart by pericardial accumulation of fluid, pus, blood, or clots?
What is the term for the life-threatening complication in pericardial effusion due to compression of the heart by pericardial accumulation of fluid, pus, blood, or clots?
Which symptom is NOT commonly seen in patients without hemodynamic compromise due to pericardial effusion?
Which symptom is NOT commonly seen in patients without hemodynamic compromise due to pericardial effusion?
What is the primary clinical sign associated with acute pericarditis?
What is the primary clinical sign associated with acute pericarditis?
What is the main etiology of acute pericarditis?
What is the main etiology of acute pericarditis?
