Peptide Synthesis Methods Quiz

A new approach that dramatically speeds up the process of discovering and developing new medicines. It allows scientists to create and test large numbers of molecules at once, enhancing the chances of finding effective drugs.

A key application of Combinatorial Chemistry focusing on creating large sets of diverse chemical molecules to efficiently screen for potentially beneficial compounds.

Traditional drug discovery relied on finding leads from natural sources, custom-made molecules, or modifications of known effective compounds.

A technique used in Combinatorial Chemistry that attaches reactants to a solid surface, enabling efficient modification and creation of a multitude of compounds.

A method in Combinatorial Chemistry where each reaction is performed separately in a different container, creating a library of diverse compounds.

A technique in Combinatorial Chemistry where different reactants are combined in a single reaction vessel, leading to the formation of a mixture of products.

High Throughput Screening (HTS) relies on quickly testing thousands of compounds to identify potential drug candidates.

The process of improving the effectiveness and safety of a lead drug candidate by making subtle modifications to its structure.

A type of ester used in organic synthesis, particularly in peptide synthesis, where it serves as a protecting group for the carboxyl group of amino acids. It facilitates the selective deprotection of amino acids during the synthesis of peptides.

A type of ester that is often used as a protecting group for carboxyl groups in organic synthesis. It is commonly employed in peptide synthesis and is known for its stability under various reaction conditions.

A type of ester that is widely used in organic synthesis, serving effectively as a protecting group for carboxyl groups. It is often employed in peptide synthesis, facilitating the selective deprotection of amino acids during the synthesis of peptides.

A solid support used in solid-phase peptide synthesis. It is a polymer resin with a chloromethyl group attached, providing a reactive site for the attachment of the first amino acid in the peptide chain.

A process in which a removable protecting group is removed from an amino acid or other molecule to allow for further chemical reactions. In peptide synthesis, it involves selective deprotection of amino acids.

A chemical coupling reaction where the carboxyl group of one amino acid is attached to the amino group of another amino acid, creating a peptide bond. This process is fundamental to peptide synthesis.

The release of a synthesized peptide from the solid support, typically a resin, used in solid-phase peptide synthesis. This step yields the final, free peptide.

A method for synthesizing combinatorial libraries of molecules, where a mixture of starting materials is split into multiple portions and reacted with different building blocks in each portion.

A type of combinatorial synthesis where reactions are carried out in solution, without attaching molecules to a solid support.

The total number of possible combinations that can be formed by mixing different building blocks together.

The process of testing a library of molecules for their desired activity or properties.

A type of molecule that is used as a building block in combinatorial synthesis.

A specialized linker used in mixed combinatorial synthesis, designed to allow for the selective removal of a specific amino acid in the synthesis of a peptide. This makes it possible to identify and analyze the structure of different peptides in a mixture.

This process refers to the attachment of a unique 'tag' to each amino acid in a mixture during mixed combinatorial synthesis. These tags serve as markers, allowing for the identification and analysis of specific peptides in the final mixture.

The first step in tagging amino acids involves reacting an amino acid with a specific chemical reagent containing a bromine atom (RCHBrCO2H). This reaction attaches the 'Tag 1' with the bromine atom to the amino acid.

The second step in tagging involves reacting the amino acid with a different chemical reagent containing a bromine atom (Br). This process adds the second 'Tag 2' with a bromine atom to the amino acid.

In the final step, the two bromine atoms attached to the amino acid are replaced by an amide group. This step involves reacting the amino acid with an acyl chloride (R''COCl) containing a specific chemical group (NHR'COR''). This adds the 'Tag 3' with the specific chemical group to the amino acid.

Mixed Combinatorial Synthesis is a technique used to generate a library of different peptides in a single reaction vessel. It involves combining different amino acids in a single reaction mixture, forming a complex mixture of peptides. This process is efficient for generating large libraries of diverse peptides for drug discovery.

A method to identify the active structure from a mixture of compounds, often used in combinatorial chemistry. It involves systematically removing or adding components to a mixture and testing its activity, allowing you to narrow down the active compound.

The process of adding a known molecule, such as an amino acid, to a mixture to create new molecules.

A mixture known to contain the active compound is systematically broken down into smaller mixtures by removing components.

The resulting mixtures are retested to see if they retain activity. This helps identify which components are essential for the desired effect.

The process of systematically removing and adding components to a mixture helps narrow down the active compound to a single structure.

The final step in recursive deconvolution involves synthesizing the active structure and confirming its activity through independent testing.

The process of recursive deconvolution can be used to identify active structures from a mixture of compounds. It involves adding known molecules, removing components, testing activity, and ultimately synthesizing and testing the proposed active structure.

The combination of several different chemical reactions to generate a large library of compounds, rapidly with the aim of discovering a lead compound that will bind to a target receptor.

A type of combinatorial synthesis that is used to make large numbers of molecules with different substituent groups attached to a common core structure or scaffold.

Photolithography is a technique used to create patterns of light and shade on a surface called a mask that can be used to control the reaction of a compound. This patterning is essential in solid-phase synthesis and allows for the selective modification of molecules attached to a solid support.

A set of rules that helps to predict whether a compound will be orally active. To be orally active, a compound should have a molecular weight less than 500, a calculated log P value less than +5, no more than 5 hydrogen bond donating groups, and no more than 10 hydrogen bond accepting groups.

The ability of a compound to bind to a specific target receptor. This is essential for a compound to be effective as a drug. The binding affinity is measured by how tightly the compound binds to the target receptor.

Combinatorial synthesis can be used to create a large number of molecules with different substituents around a central core molecule. By systematically varying the substituents, you can investigate how they influence the compound's binding affinity to a target receptor. This allows you to identify the most effective substituents.

Combinatorial synthesis can be used to create a library of compounds with varying properties, including affinity, selectivity, and activity. This library can be used for screening, which is the process of testing a large number of compounds for their desired properties.

Combinatorial synthesis allows the development of new compounds with beneficial properties, with the aim of discovering a lead compound suitable for further drug development. The lead compound can then be optimized for its properties to create a drug candidate.