5 Questions
Where does the synthesis of peptides and protein hormones occur?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
What is the function of the signal peptide in protein hormone synthesis?
To direct the pre-pro hormone to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
What happens to the prohormone in the Golgi apparatus?
Additional peptides are cleaved to produce the hormone
Why do water-soluble hormones require a second messenger to produce their actions?
Because they cannot cross the lipid cell membrane
What is the mechanism of hormone release from secretory vesicles?
Exocytosis
Study Notes
Peptide Hormone Synthesis
- Occurs on ribosomes of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) as a pre-pro hormone consisting of a signal peptide, peptide, and hormone
- Signal peptide is cleaved in RER to produce a pro hormone
- Prohormone is transported to the Golgi apparatus
Processing in Golgi Apparatus
- Additional peptides are cleaved in the Golgi apparatus to produce the hormone
- Hormone is then packed and stored in secretory vesicles
Hormone Release and Action
- Hormone is released by exocytosis on arrival of a proper stimulus
- Hormone is water-soluble, allowing it to be easily transported in the blood
- Hormone cannot cross the lipid cell membrane, requiring hormone receptors on the cell membrane
- A second messenger is required to produce actions
This quiz covers the process of peptide hormone synthesis, including the role of ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. It also explores the post-translational modifications and the mechanism of hormone release. Test your knowledge of peptide hormone synthesis and regulation!
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