12 Questions
Which enzyme is responsible for the final cross-linking reaction in the cell wall biosynthesis process described in the text?
Transpeptidase enzyme
What is the function of penicillins and cephalosporins in the context of cell wall biosynthesis?
They inhibit the final cross-linking reaction by the transpeptidase enzyme.
What structural feature makes penicillins and cephalosporins highly reactive and effective in inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis?
Presence of a β-lactam ring
Which part of penicillins and cephalosporins is primarily responsible for influencing their antibacterial spectrum?
The side chain attached to the acyl group
What is the role of the salt concentration imbalance between the cell interior and exterior in the process described?
Causes water to enter the cell due to osmotic pressure
Which type of sugar is involved in binding peptide chains in the cell wall structure described in the text?
N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)
What is one of the reasons for the acid sensitivity of penicillin G?
Ring strain
Why does the highly reactive β-lactam carbonyl group contribute to the acid sensitivity of penicillin G?
It reacts readily with nucleophiles
How does the influence of the acyl chain impact the acid sensitivity of penicillin G?
It decreases acid stability
Which modification makes penicillin V more suitable for oral administration compared to penicillin G?
Introduction of an electronegative oxygen
What is a characteristic feature of ampicillin and oxacillin in relation to acid sensitivity?
They are more resistant to penicillinases compared to penicillin G
How does penicillin V compare to penicillin G in terms of allergic sensitivity?
Penicillin V is less prone to allergic reactions
Test your knowledge on the acid sensitivity of Penicillin G. Learn about the reasons behind its sensitivity, including ring strain, a highly reactive β-lactam carbonyl group, and the influence of the acyl chain. Identify key components and factors affecting this property.
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