Pelvic Anatomy Overview

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Questions and Answers

What forms the anterior pelvic wall?

Bodies of the pubic bones and the symphysis pubis (correct)

Iliac bones and sacroiliac joints

Sacrum and coccyx

Piriformis muscles and their covering of fascia

What is the function of the pelvic cavity's inferior wall?

Provide a depth for the pelvic inlet

Support the abdominal organs

Act as a barrier for pelvic contents (correct)

House muscular structures only

Which of the following best describes the posterior pelvic wall?

Extensive and formed by the sacrum and coccyx (correct)

Lined with abdominal muscles and parietal peritoneum

Deep and consists entirely of connective tissue

Shallow and primarily formed by the iliac bones

What bone structure articulates with the fifth lumbar vertebra?

Sacrum Signup and view all the answers

Which component primarily makes up the lateral walls of the pelvis?

Iliac bones Signup and view all the answers

The pelvic outlet is best described as?

A shallow canal with a deep anterior wall Signup and view all the answers

What primarily forms the walls of the pelvis?

Muscles with parietal peritoneum Signup and view all the answers

Which structures contribute to the formation of the sacroiliac joints?

Iliac bones and sacrum Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is part of the lateral pelvic wall?

Obturator internus Signup and view all the answers

What connects the three separate bones at the acetabulum in children?

Triradiate cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What was the cause of the blood-stained fluid expressed from the external orifice of the penis in the case of the 51-year-old man?

Damaged urethra due to pelvic injury Signup and view all the answers

Where is the acetabulum located on the hip bone?

On the outer surface Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the patient's condition upon admission?

Severe hypovolemic shock Signup and view all the answers

Which ligaments contribute to the lateral pelvic wall?

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous Signup and view all the answers

What type of fracture was identified in the patient during radiographic examination?

Fracture through the lateral part of the sacrum Signup and view all the answers

Which bones fuse together to form the hip bone at puberty?

Ilium, ischium, and pubis Signup and view all the answers

What primary anatomical feature was affected by the forces during the plane accident?

Symphysis pubis Signup and view all the answers

During examination, what was the condition of the patient's external hemorrhage?

No evidence of external hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical knowledge is emphasized as necessary for physicians in trauma cases like this?

Knowledge of pelvic anatomy Signup and view all the answers

What does the hip bones articulate with anteriorly?

Symphysis pubis Signup and view all the answers

What is formed by the part of the hip bone below the pelvic inlet?

Lateral pelvic wall Signup and view all the answers

Where do the median sacral veins typically end?

Joining the left common iliac vein Signup and view all the answers

What separates the greater sciatic notch from the lesser sciatic notch?

Spine of the ischium Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributed most significantly to the patient's state of hypovolemic shock?

Large collection of blood outside the peritoneum Signup and view all the answers

The anterior superior iliac spine is located at the anterior end of which structure?

Iliac crest Signup and view all the answers

Where can the pubic tubercle be palpated?

On the upper border of the pubis Signup and view all the answers

What causes pain in the lumbosacral region during movements of the vertebral column?

Disease in the sacroiliac joint Signup and view all the answers

What structure forms by the joining of the internal iliac vein and external iliac vein?

Common iliac vein Signup and view all the answers

How is the pelvic inlet shaped differently in males and females?

Transversely oval in females, heart-shaped in males Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the tearing of the pelvic veins in this case?

Hypovolemic shock Signup and view all the answers

Which lymph nodes are associated with the internal iliac artery?

Internal iliac nodes Signup and view all the answers

In sacroiliac disease, what movement is particularly painful?

Rotating the vertebral column Signup and view all the answers

What effect does relaxin have on the pelvic ligaments?

Has a relaxing effect Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature distinguishes the male pelvis from the female pelvis?

Thicker bones in males Signup and view all the answers

Which bony feature serves as a notable surface landmark along the pelvic wall?

Iliac crest Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the pelvic outlet is true in the context of male and female anatomy?

It is larger in females than in males Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason the sacroiliac joint becomes inaccessible to clinical examination?

It is located in a non-visible area Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve influences pain referred from the sacroiliac joint?

Sciatic nerve Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical relationship does the posterior superior iliac spine have?

Lies at the bottom of a small skin dimple Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is primarily associated with the examination of the iliac crest?

Quadratus lumborum Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pelvic Walls

The pelvic walls are formed by bones, ligaments, muscles, fascia, and parietal peritoneum
The pelvis is divided into anterior, posterior, lateral, and inferior walls.

Anterior Pelvic Wall

Formed by the pubic bones, pubic rami, and symphysis pubis.
Shallowest wall

Posterior Pelvic Wall

Formed by the sacrum, coccyx, piriformis muscles, and parietal pelvic fascia.
Most extensive wall.

Sacrum

Composed of five fused vertebrae.
Wedge-shaped with an anterior concavity.
Superior border articulates with the fifth lumbar vertebra.
Inferior border articulates with the coccyx.
Lateral sides articulate with the iliac bones to form the sacroiliac joints.

Lateral Pelvic Wall

Forme by the hip bone, obturator membrane, sacrotuberous, and sacrospinous ligaments.
The obturator internus muscle and its covering fascia are also part of the wall.

Hip Bone

In children, the hip bone is composed of three separate bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
At puberty, the three bones fuse together to form a single large bone.
The hip bone articulates with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint.
They also articulate with each other at the symphysis pubis.

Joint Changes with Age

The cavity in the sacroiliac joint obliterates after middle age.

Sacroiliac Joint Disease

Sacroiliac joints are innervated by the lower lumbar and sacral nerves.
Disease in the joint can cause both low back pain and pain referred along the sciatic nerve (sciatica).
It is difficult to examine the sacroiliac joint during physical examination.

Biologic Sex Differences

The female pelvis is wider and shallower than the male pelvis, adapting for childbirth.
The pelvic inlet is transversely oval in females and heart-shaped in males.
The pelvic capacity is larger in females, and the distance between the pelvic inlet and outlet is shorter.

Pelvic Veins

The internal iliac vein originates from tributaries corresponding to the branches of the internal iliac artery.
It ascends in front of the sacroiliac joint and joins the external iliac vein to form the common iliac vein.

Pelvic Lymphatics

Lymph nodes and vessels run along the main blood vessels in a chain.
Nodes are named after the blood vessels they are associated with.

Surface Anatomy

Several bony features of the pelvic walls can be palpated in an adult.
Significant portions of the underlying urogenital tracts are also palpable.

Iliac Crest

Can be felt through the skin along its entire length.

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

Located at the anterior end of the iliac crest.
Lies at the upper lateral end of the fold of the groin.

Posterior Superior Iliac Spine

Located at the posterior end of the iliac crest.
Lies at the bottom of a small skin dimple.

Pubic Tubercle and Crest

Pubic tubercle can be felt on the upper border of the pubis.
The medial end of the inguinal ligament is attached to it.
The tubercle can be palpated easily in males by invaginating the scrotum from below with the examining finger.

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Description

Explore the intricate structure of the pelvic walls, including the anterior, posterior, and lateral sections. This quiz covers important aspects such as the formation, components, and functions of the pelvis. It is essential for students studying human anatomy and physiology.