Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main cause of acute cough in infancy without respiratory distress?
What is the main cause of acute cough in infancy without respiratory distress?
Which of the following is a cause of chronic cough in infancy?
Which of the following is a cause of chronic cough in infancy?
What is a complication of bronchiectasis?
What is a complication of bronchiectasis?
Which of the following is a cause of wheezing in infancy?
Which of the following is a cause of wheezing in infancy?
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What is the typical presentation of acute bronchiolitis?
What is the typical presentation of acute bronchiolitis?
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Which of the following is a cause of respiratory distress in infancy?
Which of the following is a cause of respiratory distress in infancy?
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What is the relation between sinusitis and cough in infancy?
What is the relation between sinusitis and cough in infancy?
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What is the significance of vascular ring in the context of wheezing in infancy?
What is the significance of vascular ring in the context of wheezing in infancy?
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What is the most common cause of acute cough in children?
What is the most common cause of acute cough in children?
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What is the typical course of illness for Acute Bronchitis?
What is the typical course of illness for Acute Bronchitis?
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What is the best expectorant for treating Acute Bronchitis?
What is the best expectorant for treating Acute Bronchitis?
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When are antibiotics prescribed for Acute Bronchitis?
When are antibiotics prescribed for Acute Bronchitis?
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What is the most common cause of respiratory distress and wheezing in infancy?
What is the most common cause of respiratory distress and wheezing in infancy?
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What is the typical age range for Acute Bronchiolitis?
What is the typical age range for Acute Bronchiolitis?
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What is the respiratory rate for a baby hospitalized with Acute Bronchiolitis?
What is the respiratory rate for a baby hospitalized with Acute Bronchiolitis?
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What type of oxygen therapy is used to treat Acute Bronchiolitis?
What type of oxygen therapy is used to treat Acute Bronchiolitis?
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What is the primary reason for administering IV fluids to a patient with respiratory distress?
What is the primary reason for administering IV fluids to a patient with respiratory distress?
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What is the purpose of administering bronchodilators, such as albuterol or ipratropium, in the treatment of respiratory distress?
What is the purpose of administering bronchodilators, such as albuterol or ipratropium, in the treatment of respiratory distress?
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What is the primary indication for administering antiviral medications, such as ribavirin, in the treatment of respiratory distress?
What is the primary indication for administering antiviral medications, such as ribavirin, in the treatment of respiratory distress?
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What is the main purpose of suctioning nasal and oral secretions in patients with respiratory distress?
What is the main purpose of suctioning nasal and oral secretions in patients with respiratory distress?
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What is the most common diagnostic test used to confirm pneumonia?
What is the most common diagnostic test used to confirm pneumonia?
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What is the primary complication of bacterial pneumonia that can lead to respiratory failure?
What is the primary complication of bacterial pneumonia that can lead to respiratory failure?
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What is the indication for hospitalization in cases of respiratory distress?
What is the indication for hospitalization in cases of respiratory distress?
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What is the primary complication of pneumonia that can lead to cardiac problems?
What is the primary complication of pneumonia that can lead to cardiac problems?
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Study Notes
Causes of Cough in Infancy
- Acute cough (2 months): without respiratory distress, caused by sinusitis, bronchitis, or laryngitis
- Prolonged cough: caused by bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, or bronchiectasis
- Chronic cough: caused by TB, immunodeficiency, recurrent aspiration, or GERD
Causes of Wheezing in Infancy
- Infections: RSV, para-influenza virus, TB, or immunodeficiency states
- Anatomical abnormalities: e.g. Vascular Ring
- Cystic fibrosis or GERD
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Acute Bronchitis
- Most common cause of acute cough in children
- Causes: viral or bacterial infections
- Features: cough only, early: dry cough, -ve chest examination; productive: productive cough, +ve chest examination (rhonchi, moist crepitations)
- Stages: productive, convalescent
- Treatment: expectorants or mucolytics, warm fluids, cough suppressants, antibiotics (7 days oral amoxicillin in bacterial infection)
Acute Bronchiolitis
- Most common cause of respiratory distress & wheezing in infancy
- Occurs in winter, during first two years of life (20 breaths/min.)
- Treatment: oxygen therapy, IV fluid, bronchodilators, suction of nasal & oral secretions, antiviral, mechanical ventilation, steroids
Pneumonia
- Causes: bacterial, viral, TB, aspiration, etc.
- Symptoms: fever, tachypnea, wheezing, cough, dyspnea & respiratory distress
- Types: bronchopneumonia, lobar, interstitial
- Diagnosis: chest X-ray, CBC, ESR, CRP, sputum & blood culture
- Complications: respiratory failure, pleural effusion, lung abscess, heart failure
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Description
This quiz assesses knowledge of respiratory disorders in pediatric patients. It covers key concepts and clinical information for pediatricians and healthcare professionals.
