40 Questions
What is the recommended precaution to take for a hospitalized child with meningitis?
Place the child in a private room with minimal stimulation
What is a common risk factor for Reye's Syndrome?
Using aspirin to treat fevers caused by viral infections
How long should antibiotics be administered for meningitis?
Up to 10 days
What should be monitored in newborns and infants to detect increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Bulging fontanelles and increased head circumference
Which medication is used to decrease cerebral swelling in Reye's Syndrome?
Osmotic diuretic-Mannitol
What is a common risk factor for seizures?
Elevated temperature
What are the signs and symptoms of Reye's Syndrome based on its severity?
"Lethargy, confusion, seizures, loss of consciousness"
Which type of seizure involves the entire brain?
Generalized seizures
What should be avoided to reduce intracranial pressure (ICP) in children with meningitis?
Extreme flexion, extension, or rotation
What diagnosis requires 2 unprovoked seizures occurring at least 24 hours apart?
Epilepsy
Which disorder involves acute encephalopathy and fatty changes in the liver?
Reye Syndrome
What is the definitive diagnostic test for meningitis?
Lumbar puncture
Which sign is typically positive in newborns with meningitis?
Positive Brudzinski’s sign
What type of vaccine has contributed to a decreased incidence of bacterial meningitis?
Hib vaccine
Which condition requires supportive care for recovery?
Viral (aseptic) meningitis
What is a characteristic sign in children aged 2 years to adolescence with meningitis?
Seizures
What is a characteristic sign in infants with meningitis?
High pitched cry
In bacterial meningitis, what is the appearance of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
- WBC, elevated protein, positive gram stain
Which test provides the definitive diagnosis for meningitis and requires the application of topical anesthetic cream prior to the procedure?
Lumbar puncture
What are the risk factors for bacterial meningitis?
Incidence has decreased d/t administration of Hib & PCV vaccine
Which infection is commonly associated with the development of Reye's Syndrome?
Influenza
What should be avoided in the management of children with meningitis to prevent leakage that can lead to spinal headache?
Extreme flexion, extension, or rotation
Which medication should not be given to children for pain or fever management to prevent the development of Reye's Syndrome?
Aspirin
What is a characteristic sign in newborns and infants that may indicate increased intracranial pressure?
Bulging fontanelles
Which test provides the definitive diagnosis for Reye's Syndrome?
Liver biopsy
What is a common risk factor for the development of seizures?
Elevated temperature
Which type of seizure involves abnormal electrical discharges in one area of the brain?
Partial (focal) seizure
Which condition typically follows a viral illness like influenza, gastroenteritis, or varicella?
Reye's Syndrome
What medication is used to decrease cerebral swelling in Reye's Syndrome?
Mannitol
What is a common risk factor for the development of epilepsy?
Trauma
Which test can have a positive blood culture but a negative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture in bacterial meningitis?
Blood culture
What can be a sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in newborns with meningitis?
Difficult to diagnose with bulging fontanelles
What is a characteristic sign in children aged 2 years to adolescence with meningitis?
Positive Brudzinski's sign
Which vaccine has contributed to a decreased incidence of bacterial meningitis?
Hib & PCV vaccine
What is a common risk factor for Reye's Syndrome?
Viral infections like HIV
What is the most common risk factor for seizures in children with meningitis?
Injuries that provide direct access to CSF
Which medication is used to decrease cerebral swelling in Reye's Syndrome?
Aspirin
What is the recommended precaution to take for a hospitalized child with meningitis?
Isolation precautions
Which type of seizure involves the entire brain?
Tonic-clonic seizure
What diagnosis requires 2 unprovoked seizures occurring at least 24 hours apart?
Epilepsy
Test your knowledge on pediatric neurologic and respiratory disorders, focusing on assessment and management of meningitis. Learn about Reye Syndrome, viral and bacterial (septic) meningitis, and their respective risk factors.
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