Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a key element in the neurologic assessment of children?
Which of the following is a key element in the neurologic assessment of children?
What is the normal score on the Glasgow Coma Scale for infants?
What is the normal score on the Glasgow Coma Scale for infants?
Which of the following is a common symptom of hydrocephalus in infants?
Which of the following is a common symptom of hydrocephalus in infants?
Which of the following is a key assessment for patients with shunts?
Which of the following is a key assessment for patients with shunts?
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What is the purpose of an external ventricular drain (EVD)?
What is the purpose of an external ventricular drain (EVD)?
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What is the recommended positioning for a patient with a VA shunt?
What is the recommended positioning for a patient with a VA shunt?
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Which form of Spina Bifida involves spinal cord herniation and can be further classified as Meningocele or Myelomeningocele?
Which form of Spina Bifida involves spinal cord herniation and can be further classified as Meningocele or Myelomeningocele?
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What is the most severe form of Spina Bifida?
What is the most severe form of Spina Bifida?
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What is the diagnostic tool commonly used for diagnosing Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) in infants?
What is the diagnostic tool commonly used for diagnosing Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) in infants?
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What is the recommended treatment for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) in newborns to 6 months?
What is the recommended treatment for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) in newborns to 6 months?
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Which of the following is a subtle symptom of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in pediatric patients?
Which of the following is a subtle symptom of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in pediatric patients?
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Which of the following is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which of the following is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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Which of the following is a nursing intervention for increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which of the following is a nursing intervention for increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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Which of the following is a treatment for bacterial meningitis?
Which of the following is a treatment for bacterial meningitis?
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Which of the following is a cause of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which of the following is a cause of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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How is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure typically measured?
How is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure typically measured?
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What is a potential clinical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
What is a potential clinical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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Which one of the following is a common symptom of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants?
Which one of the following is a common symptom of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants?
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Which one of the following is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which one of the following is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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Which one of the following is a nursing intervention for increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which one of the following is a nursing intervention for increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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Which of the following is a cause of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which of the following is a cause of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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What is the most common method used to measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure?
What is the most common method used to measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure?
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Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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Which of the following is NOT a subtle symptom of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in pediatric patients?
Which of the following is NOT a subtle symptom of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in pediatric patients?
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Which of the following is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which of the following is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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Which of the following is a key nursing intervention for managing increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Which of the following is a key nursing intervention for managing increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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Study Notes
Pediatric Neurological Disorders: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Nursing Care
- Subtle symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) include irritability, behavioral changes, headache when lying flat, nausea/vomiting, sleepiness, blurred vision, and poor feeding.
- Infants with increased ICP may present with a bulging fontanel, cranial suture separation, high-pitched cry, increased head circumference, sun setting eyes, and retention of infantile reflexes.
- Cushing's Triad, characterized by increased systolic blood pressure, decreased heart rate, and decreased respirations, is a late sign of increased ICP.
- Diagnosis of increased ICP is dependent on the manifestations and can be confirmed through ICP monitoring or a burr hole.
- Nursing interventions for increased ICP include maintaining proper positioning (HOB 30-35 degrees), monitoring respiratory function, managing elevated temperature, and monitoring neuro checks.
- Unconscious patients should not be over-sedated, and their lung sounds, skin integrity, and nutrition should be assessed.
- Medical management of increased ICP may involve the use of barbiturates to decrease brain metabolism, vasopressors to decrease blood pressure, and various medications to control seizures.
- Surgical interventions for increased ICP may include the placement of an extra ventricular drain or a closed drainage system (VA or VP shunt).
- Closed head injuries occur when there is a forcible collision between the brain and the skull, leading to brain, blood, and CSF damage.
- Minor clinical manifestations of closed head injuries include brief or no loss of consciousness, vomiting, headache, lethargy, and transient confusion.
- Severe closed head injuries are characterized by increased ICP, altered LOC, unsteady gait, elevated temperature, CSF leakage, and eye changes.
- Treatment for closed head injuries includes symptom management, avoiding sedatives, and restricting school and sports activities until recovery.
- Meningitis is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, with bacterial meningitis being the most severe form.
- Clinical manifestations of meningitis include signs of increased ICP, fever, nuchal rigidity, and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs.
- Diagnosis of meningitis is confirmed through a lumbar puncture.
- Treatment for viral meningitis includes supportive care, while bacterial meningitis requires immediate treatment with antibiotics and steroids.
- Nursing care for meningitis includes monitoring ICP and LOC, implementing droplet precautions, administering antibiotics and antipyretics, and ensuring hydration.
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Description
Test your knowledge on pediatric neurological disorders! This quiz covers the symptoms, diagnosis, and nursing care for conditions such as increased intracranial pressure, closed head injuries, and meningitis. Learn about subtle symptoms, diagnostic methods, medical and surgical interventions, and essential nursing interventions for these disorders. Challenge yourself and enhance your understanding of pediatric neurological disorders.
