Pediatric Musculoskeletal Examination by Prof. Dr. Tuncay Duruöz

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Which of the following is NOT considered a RED FLAG that should raise concern about infection, malignancy, or non-accidental injury?

Lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly

Fever

Systemic upset (malaise, weight loss, night sweats)

Improved sleeping patterns (correct)

What is the primary purpose of using the 'copy me' approach when performing the pGALS examination?

To ensure the patient understands the instructions

To distract the patient and make them more compliant

To assess the patient's ability to mimic movements

To look for verbal and non-verbal clues of discomfort (correct)

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a practical tip for performing the pGALS examination?

Interpret the findings in the context of the general examination and clinical presentation

Assess the patient's ability to perform complex movements (correct)

Look for asymmetry in muscle bulk, joint swelling, and range of joint movement

Do the full assessment even if the extent of joint involvement is not obvious from the history

Which of the following clinical patterns is associated with widespread joint contractures and trigger fingers?

None of the above Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is considered a normal variant in gait patterns and leg alignment?

Habitual toe walking in young children up to 3 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of pGALS?

To assess basic pediatric musculoskeletal problems Signup and view all the answers

In pediatric musculoskeletal presentations, what life-threatening conditions can MSK symptoms indicate?

Cancer, infections, and vasculitis Signup and view all the answers

When should pGALS be performed in children?

When there's a delay in motor milestones or a child presents with a limp Signup and view all the answers

What symptom may still indicate arthritis even if pain is not reported?

Stiffness after prolonged periods of inactivity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason for performing pGALS?

Sudden onset of severe pain around the joints Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a flexible ‘C shaped’ lateral border of the foot and typically resolves by 6 years of age?

Metatarsus adductus Signup and view all the answers

At what age range is internal tibial torsion most common?

Onset of walking to 3 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the common presentation associated with genu varus (bow legs)?

Out-toeing with maximal effect at 1 year of age Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic gait associated with persistent femoral anteversion?

Walking with patellae and feet pointing inwards Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is commonly associated with in-toeing and usually resolves by the age of 7 years?

Knock knees (genu valgus) Signup and view all the answers

Pediatric Musculoskeletal Examination by Prof. Dr. Tuncay Duruöz

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