Pediatric Conditions: Systems Affected by Physical or Developmental Challenges

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What are the primary needs of a newborn?

Sunlight exposure, vaccination, and hydration

Proper respiration, body temperature, prevention of infection, infant-parent bond (correct)

Regular vaccinations, breastfeeding, and sensory stimulation

Social interaction, sleep, and exercise

What is the cause of Polydactyly?

Maternal drug ingestion

Amniotic band formation

Virus invasion

Congenital skeletal disorders (correct)

What is the main feature of Torticollis in newborns?

Passive stretching exercises

Twisted sternum

Lung volume increase

Muscle injury in the neck (correct)

What does Craniosynostosis involve?

Premature closure of skull sutures Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of Achondroplasia / Chondrodystrophia?

Failure of bone growth due to cartilage disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is commonly known as clubfoot in newborns?

Talipes disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an umbilical hernia?

Swelling around the umbilicus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a typical assessment finding for an umbilical hernia?

Swelling around the umbilicus Signup and view all the answers

When does an umbilical hernia usually resolve without surgery?

Between 3-4 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommendation for surgical repair of an umbilical hernia?

If it becomes enlarged or persists beyond school age Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic management option for an asymptomatic umbilical hernia?

Observation if no incarceration Signup and view all the answers

What patient education measure is recommended to prevent pain at a hernia when sneezing?

Using splinting techniques Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between omphalocele and gastroschisis?

Omphalocele involves abdominal organs contained by a membrane, while gastroschisis involves abdominal organs spilling freely from the abdominal wall. Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with a hard portion of meconium blocking the intestinal lumen?

Meconium plug syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of meconium ileus in infants?

Abdominal distention Signup and view all the answers

How is diaphragmatic hernia different from meconium ileus?

In diaphragmatic hernia, an opening allows protrusion of abdominal organs into the chest cavity, whereas meconium ileus involves an opening in the diaphragm. Signup and view all the answers

What intervention can be used for meconium plug syndrome?

5 ml saline enema Signup and view all the answers

How does intestinal obstruction differ from imperforate anus?

Intestinal obstruction involves hardening of meconium in the bowel, while imperforate anus is characterized by a stricture or absence of the anus. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication affecting the nervous system in newborns with physical or developmental challenges?

Torticollis (wry neck) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by absent or malformed extremities in newborns?

Achondroplasia Signup and view all the answers

In newborns, which gastrointestinal condition involves a defect in the abdominal wall?

Gastroschisis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common skeletal abnormality seen in newborns with physical or developmental challenges?

Craniosynostosis Signup and view all the answers

Which condition involving the gastrointestinal system is characterized by an abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea?

Tracheoesophageal fistula Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for hydrocephalus?

CSF overproduction Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hydrocephalus occurs when there is an obstruction in the free circulation of CSF?

Non-communicating hydrocephalus Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of overproduction of fluid by the choroid plexus in the brain?

Hydrocephalus Signup and view all the answers

Which structure may get enlarged in hydrocephalus due to the accumulation of excess cerebrospinal fluid?

Cranial sutures Signup and view all the answers

What neural tube disorder is characterized by an opening in the skull where brain tissue protrudes?

Encephalocele Signup and view all the answers

Which condition involves the development of an incomplete closure of the spinal cord and meninges, with no external protrusion?

Spina bifida occulta Signup and view all the answers