Pediatric Care and Health Conditions

Setting Priorities in Care

• Prioritize making the child feel safe.
• Improve communication between healthcare team and parents.

Benefits of Bedside Report

• Improve communication between healthcare team and parents.
• Build trust and promote a sense of control in the child.

Interpretation of VS

• Children's vital signs differ from adults'.

Oligoarthritis vs. Polyarthritis

• Oligoarthritis affects fewer than five joints.
• Polyarthritis affects five or more joints, on both sides of the body.

Chronic Illness

• Issues like falling behind in school, bullying, and social development issues.

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)

• Chronic pain.
• Joint deformities.
• Risk of depression.

Strabismus

• Blurry vision.
• Double vision.
• Impaired depth perception.

Nephrotic Illness

• Chronic kidney disease affects growth and development.

Isotretinoin and Pregnancy

• Contraindicated during pregnancy.
• May cause birth defects.

Developmental Milestones

• Delays in developmental milestones.
• Learning delays.
• Social interaction delays.

Topics to Focus On

• Live viruses (e.g., chickenpox, influenza).
• Food allergies/choking hazards.
• Returning to school after illness.
• Special needs, such as Prader-Willi syndrome.

Precautions for Diseases

• Standard precautions (hand hygiene, gloves).
• Contact precautions (preventing spread thru physical contact).
• Droplet precautions (preventing spread thru droplets).
• Airborne precautions (preventing spread thru air).

Coarctation of the Aorta

• Narrowing of the aorta.
• Symptoms include difficulty breathing; feeding difficulties, sweating, irritability, skin color changes.

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

• Types: systemic-onset, oligoarticular, polyarticular, enthesitis-related, psoriatic.
• Causes: the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues.
• Symptoms: swollen, stiff, painful joints, eye inflammation, fatigue, high fever.
• Diagnosis: CBC, WBC, x-rays, CT scan, urine tests.
• Treatment: NSAIDs, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), corticosteroids, etc..

Isotretinoin Therapy

• Treats severe acne.
• Contraindicated during pregnancy and for those planning to become pregnant.
• Potential side effects: allergic reactions, vision problems, liver injury, increased intracranial pressure, dryness of eyes, nausea.

Intussusception

• Medical emergency: bowel obstruction.
• Typically occurs in infants 3 months to 3 years of age.
• Symptoms include lethargy, swollen abdomen, red, jelly-like stools.
• Treatment: often surgery to correct.

Aplastic Anemia

• Body stops producing enough blood cells.
• Symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath (SOB), pale skin, nosebleeds, dizziness, headache, fever.
• Possible causes include radiation exposure or toxic chemicals.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

• Genetic disorder making bones fragile and brittle.
• Types: 1 is most common, 2 is more serious, 3 is the most severe.
• Symptoms: bone deformities, easy bruising, loose joints, weak/brittle bones, especially in the teeth.
• Treatment: Physical therapy, occupational therapy, assistive devices, oral care, surgery, bracing, casts.

Von Willebrand Disease

• Bleeding disorder where blood does not clot properly.
• Symptoms: excessive bleeding, heavy periods, easy bruising, blood in urine.
• Cause: abnormal genes.

This quiz covers essential topics in pediatric care, focusing on prioritizing child safety, understanding various health conditions like Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, and the importance of effective communication among healthcare teams. It also highlights the impact of chronic illnesses on children's development and well-being.