Pediatric Care and Health Conditions

Study Notes

Setting Priorities in Care

Prioritize making the child feel safe.
Improve communication between healthcare team and parents.

Benefits of Bedside Report

Improve communication between healthcare team and parents.
Build trust and promote a sense of control in the child.

Interpretation of VS

Children's vital signs differ from adults'.

Oligoarthritis vs. Polyarthritis

Oligoarthritis affects fewer than five joints.
Polyarthritis affects five or more joints, on both sides of the body.

Chronic Illness

Issues like falling behind in school, bullying, and social development issues.

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)

Chronic pain.
Joint deformities.
Risk of depression.

Strabismus

Blurry vision.
Double vision.
Impaired depth perception.

Nephrotic Illness

Chronic kidney disease affects growth and development.

Isotretinoin and Pregnancy

Contraindicated during pregnancy.
May cause birth defects.

Developmental Milestones

Delays in developmental milestones.
Learning delays.
Social interaction delays.

Topics to Focus On

Live viruses (e.g., chickenpox, influenza).
Food allergies/choking hazards.
Returning to school after illness.
Special needs, such as Prader-Willi syndrome.

Precautions for Diseases

Standard precautions (hand hygiene, gloves).
Contact precautions (preventing spread thru physical contact).
Droplet precautions (preventing spread thru droplets).
Airborne precautions (preventing spread thru air).

Coarctation of the Aorta

Narrowing of the aorta.
Symptoms include difficulty breathing; feeding difficulties, sweating, irritability, skin color changes.

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Types: systemic-onset, oligoarticular, polyarticular, enthesitis-related, psoriatic.
Causes: the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues.
Symptoms: swollen, stiff, painful joints, eye inflammation, fatigue, high fever.
Diagnosis: CBC, WBC, x-rays, CT scan, urine tests.
Treatment: NSAIDs, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), corticosteroids, etc..

Isotretinoin Therapy

Treats severe acne.
Contraindicated during pregnancy and for those planning to become pregnant.
Potential side effects: allergic reactions, vision problems, liver injury, increased intracranial pressure, dryness of eyes, nausea.

Intussusception

Medical emergency: bowel obstruction.
Typically occurs in infants 3 months to 3 years of age.
Symptoms include lethargy, swollen abdomen, red, jelly-like stools.
Treatment: often surgery to correct.

Aplastic Anemia

Body stops producing enough blood cells.
Symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath (SOB), pale skin, nosebleeds, dizziness, headache, fever.
Possible causes include radiation exposure or toxic chemicals.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Genetic disorder making bones fragile and brittle.
Types: 1 is most common, 2 is more serious, 3 is the most severe.
Symptoms: bone deformities, easy bruising, loose joints, weak/brittle bones, especially in the teeth.
Treatment: Physical therapy, occupational therapy, assistive devices, oral care, surgery, bracing, casts.

Von Willebrand Disease

Bleeding disorder where blood does not clot properly.
Symptoms: excessive bleeding, heavy periods, easy bruising, blood in urine.
Cause: abnormal genes.

Description

This quiz covers essential topics in pediatric care, focusing on prioritizing child safety, understanding various health conditions like Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, and the importance of effective communication among healthcare teams. It also highlights the impact of chronic illnesses on children's development and well-being.