Cardiac Murmur Quiz: Pediatric Cardiac Disorders and Murmurs

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Questions and Answers

Which type of murmur is characterized by a late crescendo murmur with midsystolic click that occurs after the carotid pulse?

Mitral valve prolapse (correct)

Aortic stenosis

Pulmonary Flow Murmur

Supraclavicular Flow Murmur

Which murmur is best heard at the left infraclavicular area and is continuous and machinelike?

Still’s Murmur

Venous Hum

Aortic Regurgitation

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (correct)

Which condition is associated with a holosystolic, harsh-sounding murmur loudest at the tricuspid area?

Coronary artery abnormalities

Myocarditis

Ventricular septal defect (correct)

Mitral valve prolapse

Which murmur is characterized by a holosystolic, high-pitched 'blowing' murmur that is loudest at the apex and radiates to the axilla?

Mitral/tricuspid regurgitation Signup and view all the answers

Which murmur is benign and originates from turbulent flow in the left ventricular outflow tract?

Still’s Murmur Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common non-cardiac cause of chest pain in children?

Pulmonary causes Signup and view all the answers

Which dysrhythmia is associated with SA node dysfunction?

Bradydysrhythmias Signup and view all the answers

Which type of murmur is associated with turbulent flow from arterial branches off the aortic arch?

Supraclavicular Flow Murmur Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided in the treatment of bradydysrhythmias in infants and children with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or congestive heart failure?

Calcium blockers Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is used to evaluate murmurs in pediatric cardio disorders?

Loudness or intensity Signup and view all the answers

Which type of murmur is characterized by a crescendo-decrescendo ejection murmur that is loudest at the heart base?

Aortic Stenosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common noncardiac cause of syncope in children?

Vasovagal syncope Signup and view all the answers

What is a red flag for syncope that warrants further evaluation?

Syncope with exercise Signup and view all the answers

Which murmur is associated with turbulent flow from the jugular veins and superior vena cava?

Venous Hum Signup and view all the answers

Which type of syncope accounts for 90% of non-cardiac related cases?

Neural mediated syncope Signup and view all the answers

Which murmur is considered pathologic and is characterized by a murmur from turbulence in the right ventricular outflow tract?

Pulmonary Flow Murmur Signup and view all the answers

Which type of murmur is benign and originates from turbulent blood flow in dilated breast blood vessels?

Mammary souffle (pregnant/lactating) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a sudden loss of consciousness and postural tone due to transient cerebral underperfusion with spontaneous recovery?

Syncope Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cardiac cause of chest pain in children?

Coronary artery abnormalities Signup and view all the answers

Which murmur is characterized by an early diastolic, decrescendo, high-pitched 'blowing' murmur?

Aortic Regurgitation Signup and view all the answers

What type of murmur is associated with ventricular septal defect?

Holosystolic, harsh-sounding Signup and view all the answers

What type of syncope accounts for 10% of cases and is often associated with arrhythmia?

Cardiac syncope Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Murmurs

Late crescendo murmur with midsystolic click occurring after the carotid pulse is characteristic of mitral valve prolapse.
A continuous and machinelike murmur best heard at the left infraclavicular area is characteristic of patent ductus arteriosus.
A holosystolic, harsh-sounding murmur loudest at the tricuspid area is associated with tricuspid regurgitation.
A holosystolic, high-pitched 'blowing' murmur loudest at the apex and radiating to the axilla is characteristic of mitral regurgitation.
Benign murmurs originate from turbulent flow in the left ventricular outflow tract.
Turbulent flow from arterial branches off the aortic arch is associated with a supravalvular aortic stenosis murmur.
A crescendo-decrescendo ejection murmur loudest at the heart base is characteristic of pulmonary stenosis.
A murmur from turbulence in the right ventricular outflow tract is pathologic and characteristic of pulmonary stenosis.
Benign murmurs originate from turbulent blood flow in dilated breast blood vessels.

Syncope

The most common non-cardiac cause of chest pain in children is musculoskeletal pain.
The most common non-cardiac cause of syncope in children is vasovagal syncope.
A red flag for syncope that warrants further evaluation is a family history of sudden death.
Vasovagal syncope accounts for 90% of non-cardiac related cases.
Cardiac syncope accounts for 10% of cases and is often associated with arrhythmia.

Dysrhythmias

Sinus node dysfunction is associated with SA node dysfunction.
In the treatment of bradydysrhythmias in infants and children with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or congestive heart failure, digoxin should be avoided.

Evaluation of Murmurs

Characteristics used to evaluate murmurs in pediatric cardio disorders include location, quality, intensity, duration, and radiation.

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Description

Test your knowledge on pediatric cardiac disorders and murmurs with this quiz. Learn to differentiate between normal and pathologic murmurs based on specific characteristics and understand the significance of conditions such as Still's murmur.

Pediatric Cardiac Disorders and Murmurs Quiz