Pediatric Cardiac Arrest in COVID-19 Patients
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Questions and Answers

What is the initial bolus dose of Lidocaine for treatment during cardiac arrest?

  • 20 mcg/kg
  • 50 mcg/kg
  • 1 mg/kg (correct)
  • 5 mg/kg

    • How often should Epinephrine be administered during cardiac arrest?

  • Every 3-5 minutes (correct)
  • Every 2-3 minutes
  • Every 10 minutes
  • Every 5-7 minutes

    • What is the maximum number of times Amiodarone can be repeated during cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

  • One time
  • Two times (correct)
  • Four times
  • Three times

    • What should be monitored to assess Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC)?

    <p>Pulse and blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maintenance infusion rate for Lidocaine per minute after the initial bolus?

    <p>20-50 mcg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended compression rate during CPR for pediatric patients?

    <p>100-120/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the compression-ventilation ratio for pediatric CPR if no advanced airway is established?

    <p>15:2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to minimize interruptions during CPR?

    <p>Limit personnel involved in the CPR process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a pediatric patient requires defibrillation, what is the appropriate energy for the first shock?

    <p>2 J/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should personnel be changed during chest compressions?

    <p>Every 2 minutes, or sooner if fatigued</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum shock energy allowed for subsequent shocks during defibrillation?

    <p>10 J/kg or adult dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mask should be used for ventilation if a bag-mask device is unavailable?

    <p>Non-breathing face mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial to remember about chest compressions during pediatric CPR?

    <p>Push hard (≥⅓ of anteroposterior diameter of chest)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reversible cause of shock?

    <p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be administered after 2 minutes of CPR if there is no return of spontaneous circulation?

    <p>Amiodarone or lidocaine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT listed as a reversible cause?

    <p>Respiratory distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If there are no signs of return of spontaneous circulation, what is the next step?

    <p>Go to 5 or 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of acidosis?

    <p>Hydrogen ion (acidosis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these conditions can lead to tension pneumothorax?

    <p>Severe asthma attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT recommended for treatment during cardiac arrest?

    <p>Immediate administration of toxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus if return of spontaneous circulation occurs?

    <p>Go to Post–Cardiac Arrest Care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be prioritized when performing advanced airway management in a resuscitation scenario?

    <p>Intubation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if intubation is delayed?

    <p>Consider using a supraglottic airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should epinephrine be administered during cardiac arrest?

    <p>Every 3-5 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of endotracheal tube is preferred if available during intubation?

    <p>Cuffed endotracheal tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended rate of breaths once an advanced airway is in place?

    <p>1 breath every 6 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique can be considered to confirm and monitor endotracheal tube placement during resuscitation?

    <p>Waveform capnography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During CPR, what should be minimized to enhance the effectiveness of airway management?

    <p>Closed-circuit disconnection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate route and dose for administering epinephrine during resuscitation?

    <p>IV/IO at 0.01 mg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Algorithm for Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Patients

    • Don Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) before starting CPR
    • Begin CPR immediately, following standard guidelines
    • Prepare to intubate the patient
    • Use 15:2 compression-ventilation ratio
    • Change compressor every 2 minutes or sooner if fatigued
    • Shock energy for defibrillation:
      • First shock: 2 J/kg
      • Second shock: 4 J/kg
      • Subsequent shocks: ≥ 4 J/kg, maximum 10 J/kg or adult dose
    • Minimize closed-circuit disconnection during advanced airway management
    • Use intubator with highest likelihood of first-pass success
    • Consider video laryngoscopy
    • Prefer cuffed endotracheal tube, if available
    • Endotracheal intubation or a supraglottic advanced airway is necessary
    • Use waveform capnography or capnometry to confirm and monitor ET tube placement
    • Give 1 breath every 6 seconds (10 breaths/min) with continuous chest compressions once an advanced airway is in place
    • Drug Therapy:
      • Epinephrine IO/IV dose: 0.01 mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg of the 0.1 mg/mL concentration), repeat every 3-5 minutes.
      • Amiodarone IO/IV dose: 5 mg/kg bolus during cardiac arrest. May repeat up to 2 times for refractory VF/pulseless VT.
      • Lidocaine IO/IV dose: Initial: 1 mg/kg loading dose. Maintenance: 20-50 mcg/kg per minute infusion (repeat bolus dose if infusion initiated >15 minutes after initial bolus therapy).
    • Treat reversible causes if identified
    • Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC):
      • Pulse and blood pressure assessment is critical.
      • Spontaneous arterial pressure waves with intra-arterial monitoring are a good indicator.
    • Reversible Causes:
      • Hypovolemia
      • Hypoxia
      • Hydrogen ion (acidosis)
      • Hypoglycemia
      • Hypo-/hyperkalemia
      • Hypothermia
      • Tension pneumothorax
      • Tamponade, cardiac
      • Toxins
      • Thrombosis, pulmonary
      • Thrombosis, coronary
    • If no signs of ROSC, continue CPR and drug therapy
    • If ROSC, transition to post-cardiac arrest care.

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    Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Algorithm for Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Patients PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Algorithm specifically tailored for suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients. It emphasizes the importance of personal protective equipment, CPR initiation, and advanced airway management techniques. Test your knowledge on handling cardiac arrest situations during the ongoing pandemic.

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