Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a recommended action for patients at risk after ROSC?
What is a recommended action for patients at risk after ROSC?
- Immediate transfer to a different hospital
- Undergo EEGs and seizure prophylaxis (correct)
- Administer high-dose corticosteroids
- Initiate aggressive physical therapy
What is a common cause of in-hospital cardiac arrests?
What is a common cause of in-hospital cardiac arrests?
- Psychogenic causes
- Neurological causes
- Cardiogenic causes (correct)
- Respiratory causes
What is a key responsibility of a team leader during resuscitation?
What is a key responsibility of a team leader during resuscitation?
- Conducting post-resuscitation evaluations
- Direct administration of medications
- Coordination of individuals involved in resuscitation (correct)
- Performing high-quality CPR
What is emphasized as a predictor of CPR quality and positive outcomes?
What is emphasized as a predictor of CPR quality and positive outcomes?
What is recommended for patients with unknown causes of death?
What is recommended for patients with unknown causes of death?
What is vital to achieving the ROSC of a patient?
What is vital to achieving the ROSC of a patient?
What is recommended early during the code for in-hospital arrests?
What is recommended early during the code for in-hospital arrests?
What is a cause for significant morbidity and mortality even in young populations after resuscitation?
What is a cause for significant morbidity and mortality even in young populations after resuscitation?
What is a common outcome of in-hospital cardiac arrests?
What is a common outcome of in-hospital cardiac arrests?
What is correlated with a smaller chance of survival in children?
What is correlated with a smaller chance of survival in children?
Which of the following is a unique consideration in pediatric and neonatal resuscitation compared to adult resuscitation?
Which of the following is a unique consideration in pediatric and neonatal resuscitation compared to adult resuscitation?
What is the basis of achieving the return of spontaneous circulation in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?
What is the basis of achieving the return of spontaneous circulation in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?
In pediatric and neonatal resuscitation, what is less likely compared to adult resuscitation?
In pediatric and neonatal resuscitation, what is less likely compared to adult resuscitation?
What is a key objective in pediatric and neonatal resuscitation?
What is a key objective in pediatric and neonatal resuscitation?
What is dissimilar in pediatric and neonatal resuscitation compared to adult cardiorespiratory resuscitation?
What is dissimilar in pediatric and neonatal resuscitation compared to adult cardiorespiratory resuscitation?
What does pediatric and neonatal resuscitation involve in terms of achieving the return of spontaneous circulation?
What does pediatric and neonatal resuscitation involve in terms of achieving the return of spontaneous circulation?
What may alter a clinician's approach to a decompensating pediatric patient?
What may alter a clinician's approach to a decompensating pediatric patient?
What are the objectives of pediatric and neonatal resuscitation?
What are the objectives of pediatric and neonatal resuscitation?
What is a critical step in resuscitation of the pediatric and neonatal patient?
What is a critical step in resuscitation of the pediatric and neonatal patient?
What is a dissimilarity in pediatric and neonatal resuscitation compared to adult resuscitation?
What is a dissimilarity in pediatric and neonatal resuscitation compared to adult resuscitation?
What is a common cause of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)?
What is a common cause of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)?
Which medication is recommended for pulseless ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in pediatric patients?
Which medication is recommended for pulseless ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in pediatric patients?
What is the first-line vasopressor for warm shock in children?
What is the first-line vasopressor for warm shock in children?
What is the main consideration for pediatric fluid management?
What is the main consideration for pediatric fluid management?
In pediatric resuscitation, when should defibrillation be performed?
In pediatric resuscitation, when should defibrillation be performed?
What is a common cause of pediatric decompensation?
What is a common cause of pediatric decompensation?
What is the main factor affecting resuscitation in neonatal and pediatric patients?
What is the main factor affecting resuscitation in neonatal and pediatric patients?
What is the main issue with giving sodium bicarbonate and calcium in pediatric resuscitation?
What is the main issue with giving sodium bicarbonate and calcium in pediatric resuscitation?
What is the recommended treatment for pediatric patients with pulmonary hypertension or right-sided heart failure?
What is the recommended treatment for pediatric patients with pulmonary hypertension or right-sided heart failure?
Where is definitive treatment or long-term care for pediatric patients usually restricted to?
Where is definitive treatment or long-term care for pediatric patients usually restricted to?
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Study Notes
Pediatric and Neonatal Resuscitation Guidelines 2020
- Neonatal and pediatric patients have anatomical and physiological differences from adults that can affect resuscitation, such as a shorter jaw, narrower hypopharynx, and larger head to body size.
- Causes of cardiac arrest in children include trauma, tamponade, pneumothorax, shock, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, and metabolic derangements.
- Channelopathies are a common cause of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), accounting for 2-10% of cases.
- Resuscitation should begin immediately if a patient becomes cyanotic, asystolic, or is in respiratory arrest, and early initiation of CPR correlates with a significant mortality benefit.
- Fluid status is an important consideration in pediatric management, and there is insufficient evidence to support choosing balanced versus unbalanced crystalloid fluids.
- First-line vasopressors for cold and warm shock in children are norepinephrine and epinephrine, respectively, with dopamine as the second line in both cases.
- Medication dosing for children is weight-based, with variability in the route of administration and specific considerations for neonates.
- Defibrillation is recommended in pulseless ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, with amiodarone and lidocaine as suitable anti-arrhythmic choices.
- Prostacyclin or inhaled nitric oxide can benefit pediatric patients with pulmonary hypertension or right-sided heart failure.
- Suffocation from household objects and foreign body ingestion are common causes of pediatric decompensation, requiring specific approaches for airway management and potential specialist care.
- Common resuscitative medications such as sodium bicarbonate and calcium should not be given empirically, as they have been associated with a higher mortality rate.
- While stabilization can be performed at most facilities, definitive treatment or long-term care for pediatric patients is usually restricted to larger or child-specific centers.
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