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• Lesson 9 Conversation 1 covers Korean grammar concepts.
• It is part of the KORE 2314 Intermediate Korean II course, Fall 2016.

하다 vs 되다

• "하다" indicates that the subject actively enforces a change, implying volitional action by the subject.
• "되다" indicates that the subject passively undergoes a change with the subject typically being an object or thing, rather than a person.

Examples of Using 하다 and 되다

• 예약하다 / 예약되다 (to reserve / to be reserved)
• 준비하다 / 준비되다 (to prepare / to be prepared)
• 걱정하다 / 걱정되다 (to worry / to be worried)
• 녹음하다 / 녹음되다 (to record / to be recorded)
• 취직하다 / 취직되다 (to get a job / to be hired)

Grammar examples

• 민지 asks 마크 if he is ready to go to Korea: 한국 갈 준비 다 했어요?
• Mark replies that everything is ready except the visa: 다른 건 다 준비됐고 이제 비자만 받으면 돼요.
• A staff member greets 유미: 어서 오세요.
• 유미 states that she made a reservation for 3 PM on Saturday: 토요일 3시에 예약했는데요.
• The staff confirms 유미's 3 PM reservation: 김유미 님, 3시에 예약돼 있으시네요.
• 동수 is worried about a difficult test: 내일 시험이 어렵게 나올 것 같아서 걱정돼요.
• 성희 tells 동수 not to worry because he has studied a lot: 동수 씨는 공부 많이 했으니까 걱정하지 마세요.
• Person A expresses difficulty in getting a job quickly: 빨리 취직해야 되는데 쉽지가 않네요.
• Person B responds that because the other person has good grades, they'll get hired soon: 성적이 좋으니까 곧 취직될 거예요.
• Person A asks if Person B recorded the music. last time: 지난 번에 내가 말한 음악 녹음했어요?
• Person B says that there was no recording because the battery died: 배터리가 없어서 녹음이 안 됐어요.
• Person A asks if they can go to the galbi restaurant. in front of school for dinner: 저녁 때 학교 앞 갈비 집에 갈까요?
• Person B replies that a reservation is needed: 거기는 미리 예약해야 되는데요.
• Person A replies that they already made a reservation via phone: 제가 아까 전화로 예약했어요.
• Person A observes that B's makeup is nicely done: 화장 예쁘게 잘 됐네요.
• Person B replies that her makeup was done by a salon unni for a party: 파티가 있어서 미용실 언니가 화장해 줬어요.
• 민지 asks 마크 if he is going to the job entrance exam, and if he is worried: 내일 취직시험 보러 가지요? 걱정되세요
• 마크 responds that he is worried because the test will be hard: 시험이 어려울 거라고 그래서 조금 걱정되네요.
• 민지 tells 마크 not worry and he will do well, and asks what he wants to do if he gets a job: 너무 걱정하지 마세요. 잘 할 거예요. 이번에 취직하면 뭐 하고 싶어요?
• 마크 replies that he wants to buy a car when he gets employed: 이번에 취직되면 차를 살 거예요.
• Mark says that the car he's using is old: 지금 쓰는 차가 오래됐거든요.

~게 하다

• "~게 하다" can be used to express that an action is taken so that it would result in some situation.
• It translates to "...so that/as to~."
• "~게 되다" refers to a change of situation.
• "~게 되다" is not caused by a person's volitional will, but by an external circumstance.
• "게 하다" means "to make/have someone/something".
• When requesting a natural look to a hairdresser, ask: 자연스럽게 해 주세요.
• To tell parents to not let the children scream loudly, say: 크게 소리지르지 않게 해 주세요.
• When telling a painter to not paint the walls too dark, one can say: 너무 진하지 않게 해 주세요.
• When the hairdresser asks how to style the hair, the response could be: 뒷머리는 짧게 자르고요, 앞머리는 자연스럽게 해 주세요.
• As well as not applying hair mousse: 무스는 바르지 말아 주세요.
• Regarding something which can please parents most: 무엇이 부모님을 가장 기쁘게 해 드리는 일일까요?
• A warning that children should not come in because it is dangerous: 여기는 위험하니까 아이들이 들어오지 못하게 해 주세요!
• An example of a mother in conversation, asking where the children are: 아이들이 다 어디 있죠?
• The babysitter responds that they are upstairs, watching videos to stop them from making too much noise: 이층에 있어요. 너무 떠들어서 방에서 비디오 보게 했어요.
• To advise caution against damaging hair: 머리 상하지 않게 조심하세요.
• When requesting a makeup artist not to make the makeup too heavy/dark: 화장을 너무 진하게 하지 마세요.
• The direction to a babysitter to request that they limit TV time for a the children: TV를 너무 많이 보게 하지 마세요.
• Requesting the temperature control operator to not make the room too cold: 방 온도를 너무 차게 하지 마세요.