Patient Safety and Restraint Techniques Quiz

Asepsis = Prevention of infection or breaking the chain of infection Medical asepsis = Involves procedures and practices that reduce the number and transfer of pathogens Surgical asepsis = Practices used to keep objects and areas free from microorganisms Proper hand hygiene = Includes five moments: before touching patient, before clean or aseptic technique, after body fluid exposure risk, after touching patient, after touching patient surroundings

Alcohol based hand rubs = Used for 15 seconds when hands are not visibly soiled Good hand hygiene techniques = Scrub for at least 20 seconds with 1 tsp of soap, do not let your clothes touch the sink Medical asepsis = Reducing number of organisms present and preventing the transfer of organisms Sterile dressing change = A practice under surgical asepsis

Medical asepsis = Hand hygiene, wearing gloves, giving a flu shot, nasogastric tubes Surgical asepsis = Urinary catheter, IV catheter, sterile dressing change Proper hand hygiene = Moment 1 – before touching patient, Moment 2 – before clean or aseptic technique, Moment 3 – after body fluid exposure risk, Moment 4 – after touching patient, Moment 5 – after touching patient surroundings Good hand hygiene techniques = Scrub for at least 20 seconds with 1 tsp of soap, do not let your clothes touch the sink

Using restraints = Ensure two fingers can be inserted between the restraint and patient's extremity Assisting with a walker = Top of the walker should line up with the patient's wrist Administering medication = No medication can be given to a patient without a medication order from a licensed practitioner Using graduated compression stockings = An order is required for use

Walker = Improve balance by increasing support Canes = Widen support, providing improved balance Crutches = To help strengthen one or both legs Graduated compression stockings = Used for patients at risk for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism

Using restraints = Check restraints for correct size before applying Administering medication = If anything is missing, you cannot give the medication & you must call the provider Assisting with a walker = Nurse stands on patient's weak side to protect them Using graduated compression stockings = Increase velocity of blood, promoting venous return to the heart

Increased cardiac workload = Immobility Impaired gas exchange = Immobility Increased urinary stasis = Immobility Decreased muscle size, tone and strength = Immobility

Eye Drops = Pull down the lower lid to administer in conjunctival sac Ear Drops = For adults – pull the ear up and back Suppositories = Insert suppository into anus 4 inches for adults Inhalers = Handheld uses aerosol spray to administer medication into the lungs

Intradermal injection = Used for allergy tests, local anesthesia, tuberculosis Subcutaneous injection = Used for insulin and heparin Intramuscular injection = Good route for irritating medications Insulin = Must be double checked by 2 licensed nurses

Check the order = Blood glucose level, correct dose, and correct insulin Use the insulin syringe = With units Mixing regular insulin (R) and NPH insulin (N) = Clear to cloudy Check the name and expiration date = On the vial before mixing

Shake it = Before use Release one puff and inhale = Slowly and deeply Hold for 5-10 seconds = After inhaling Rinse mouth after using = Avoid accumulation of bacteria

Washing hands = Hands are visibly dirty Using sterile technique = Surgery Wearing PPE = Encountering body fluids, mucous membranes, etc. Keeping distance of 3+ feet = Person with respiratory infection

Standard precautions = Standard use in the care of all hospitalized patients Airborne precautions = Prevent transmission of pathogens through air via moisture or dust particles Droplet precautions = Prevent transmission through coughing, sneezing, talking, etc. Contact precautions = Prevent transmission of infectious agents that are spread by the direct or indirect contact with the patient or the patient’s environment

Feces and urine = Toilet Contaminated items, such as blood = Biohazard bag Needles, sharps, and scalpels = Puncture-resistant containers Soiled or used items = Appropriate containers

Measles, Tuberculosis, Varicella (chicken pox) + COVID = Airborne precautions Diphtheria, Rubella, Adenovirus, Pneumonia (DRAP) = Droplet precautions MRSA, C. diff, VRE, etc. = Contact precautions

right Patient = Ensuring the medication is for the correct individual right Dosage/Amount = Administering the correct quantity of medication right Documentation = Properly recording the administration of medication right to refuse = Acknowledging the patient's authority to decline medication

Three Checks = A process involving multiple checks of medication and patient Check for allergies = Ensuring the patient has no adverse reactions to the medication 2 patient identifiers = Verifying the patient's identity in two ways Assess the patient = Evaluating the patient's condition and needs

Perform assessments prior to administration = Evaluating the patient's condition before giving medication Position the patient and assist as needed = Helping the patient get into a suitable position for medication intake Document medication administration on MAR = Recording the medication administration details on the Medication Administration Record Medication refusal = Understanding and addressing the patient's refusal to take medication

Oral Medications = Medications taken by mouth, cannot crush certain types Topical Medications = Medications applied on skin, often for local effects Insulin = Requires a 2 nurse check, usually administered via injection Blood pressure drugs = Medications that require specific parameters to be checked

Airborne precautions = Gown, N95 mask, Goggles Droplet precautions = Gown, Surgical mask Contact precautions = Gown, Gloves

Neonate = Infection, falls, and SIDS Toddler = Falls, cuts, burns, suffocation/drowning, and inhalation or ingestion of foreign bodies School-aged child = Burns, drowning, broken bones, concussions, inhalation/ingestion, guns and weapons, substance abuse Adolescent = Motor vehicle accidents, drowning, guns and weapons, inhalation/ingestion

Neonate = Never leave infant unattended, use crib rails, use car seats properly Toddler = Childproof environment, poison prevention control School-aged child = Interventions for safety at home, school, and neighborhood Adolescent = Safe driving skills, avoidance of tobacco and alcohol

Fire Safety (RACE) = Rescue anyone in immediate danger, activate the fire code, confine the fire, evacuate to a safe area Seizure precautions = Reduce environmental stimuli, bed in lowest position, monitor therapeutic drug levels Physical restraints = Last resort only, must have an order from the primary care provider, assess circulation every 15 min