Podcast
Questions and Answers
What should you do for a 19-year-old female who was stung multiple times by fire ants and is allergic?
What should you do for a 19-year-old female who was stung multiple times by fire ants and is allergic?
- Administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital (correct)
- Request a paramedic unit to administer epinephrine
- Advise her to see her physician as soon as possible
- Position her legs well above the level of her heart
How should you treat a 37-year-old male having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin without an epinephrine auto-injector?
How should you treat a 37-year-old male having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin without an epinephrine auto-injector?
- Quickly determine if there are any bystanders who may carry epinephrine
- Ask the patient if he has any diphenhydramine tablets that you can administer
- Remain at the scene with the patient and request a paramedic ambulance
- Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept (correct)
After administering epinephrine to a 22-year-old woman with an allergic reaction and noting some improvement, what should you do next?
After administering epinephrine to a 22-year-old woman with an allergic reaction and noting some improvement, what should you do next?
- Consider administering 0.15 mg of epinephrine to completely resolve her allergic reaction
- Transport her rapidly, as it is obvious that she is having a severe reaction
- Contact medical control and obtain authorization to administer another 0.3 mg of epinephrine
- Monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine (correct)
Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to ____________ rather than the bite or sting itself.
Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to ____________ rather than the bite or sting itself.
Anaphylaxis is MOST accurately defined as a(n):
Anaphylaxis is MOST accurately defined as a(n):
At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as __________.
At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as __________.
Care for a victim of an immunologic emergency who is severely hypotensive should include which of the following?
Care for a victim of an immunologic emergency who is severely hypotensive should include which of the following?
Epinephrine stimulates the ________ response, increasing blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm.
Epinephrine stimulates the ________ response, increasing blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm.
Patients may experience allergic reactions to which of the following substances?
Patients may experience allergic reactions to which of the following substances?
The adult epinephrine auto-injector delivers ______ mg of epinephrine, and the infant-child auto-injector delivers ______ mg.
The adult epinephrine auto-injector delivers ______ mg of epinephrine, and the infant-child auto-injector delivers ______ mg.
The effects of epinephrine are typically observed within _________ following administration.
The effects of epinephrine are typically observed within _________ following administration.
The goal of invaders such as bacteria and viruses is to __________.
The goal of invaders such as bacteria and viruses is to __________.
The stinger from a honeybee should be:
The stinger from a honeybee should be:
Urticaria is the medical term for:
Urticaria is the medical term for:
When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will __________.
When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will __________.
When an allergic reaction proceeds to life-threatening anaphylaxis, it will usually do so __________.
When an allergic reaction proceeds to life-threatening anaphylaxis, it will usually do so __________.
Which of the following medications blocks the release of histamines?
Which of the following medications blocks the release of histamines?
Which of the following signs/symptoms are indicative of respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction?
Which of the following signs/symptoms are indicative of respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction?
Which of the following sounds indicates swelling of the upper airway?
Which of the following sounds indicates swelling of the upper airway?
Which of the following would MOST likely provide clues regarding the source of a patient's allergic reaction?
Which of the following would MOST likely provide clues regarding the source of a patient's allergic reaction?
Study Notes
Patient Care in Allergic Reactions
- A 19-year-old female with fire ant stings shows no epinephrine; oxygen administration and transportation to a hospital are critical.
- A 37-year-old male experiencing a severe penicillin allergy without an auto-injector requires immediate oxygen, transport, and paramedic assistance.
- Improvement after epinephrine administration may still leave patients anxious and tachycardic; close monitoring is essential.
Understanding Anaphylaxis
- Anaphylaxis arises from an allergic reaction to injected poisons from stinging insects.
- Defined as an extreme allergic response affecting multiple body systems.
Symptoms of Allergic Reactions
- Local injury signs from insect bites include pain, heat, and a wheal, characterized as raised and well-defined.
- Hypotensive allergy victims should receive high-flow oxygen, shock positioning, and temperature maintenance.
Mechanisms of Epinephrine
- Epinephrine enhances the sympathetic response, raising blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm.
- Effective dosages: adult injectors deliver 0.3 mg; infant-child injectors, 0.15 mg; effects seen within one minute post-administration.
Immune Response and Invaders
- Bacteria and viruses aim to use the human body for proliferation rather than destruction.
- Upon foreign substance invasion, the body activates protective measures.
Treatment Techniques for Specific Allergens
- Honeybee stingers should be scraped away to prevent further venom release.
- Urticaria medically refers to hives, a common symptom in allergic reactions.
- Medications like diphenhydramine block histamine release, offering relief from allergic reactions.
Recognizing Symptoms of Airway Compromise
- Symptoms of respiratory involvement include chest tightness; stridor indicates upper airway swelling.
- Environmental factors often reveal clues about the source of allergic reactions.
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Description
This quiz covers essential aspects of patient care during allergic reactions, particularly focusing on anaphylaxis management and treatment protocols. It discusses symptoms, immediate actions required, and the mechanisms of epinephrine in emergency situations. Understanding these concepts is vital for healthcare professionals dealing with allergic reactions.
