Patient Care and Anaphylaxis Management

Questions and Answers

What should you do for a 19-year-old female who was stung multiple times by fire ants and is allergic?

Administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital (correct)

Request a paramedic unit to administer epinephrine

Advise her to see her physician as soon as possible

Position her legs well above the level of her heart

How should you treat a 37-year-old male having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin without an epinephrine auto-injector?

Quickly determine if there are any bystanders who may carry epinephrine

Ask the patient if he has any diphenhydramine tablets that you can administer

Remain at the scene with the patient and request a paramedic ambulance

Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept (correct)

After administering epinephrine to a 22-year-old woman with an allergic reaction and noting some improvement, what should you do next?

Consider administering 0.15 mg of epinephrine to completely resolve her allergic reaction

Transport her rapidly, as it is obvious that she is having a severe reaction

Contact medical control and obtain authorization to administer another 0.3 mg of epinephrine

Monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine (correct)

Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to ____________ rather than the bite or sting itself.

injected poison Signup and view all the answers

Anaphylaxis is MOST accurately defined as a(n):

Extreme allergic reaction that may affect multiple body systems Signup and view all the answers

At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as __________.

A raised, well-defined area of the skin Signup and view all the answers

Care for a victim of an immunologic emergency who is severely hypotensive should include which of the following?

Apply high-flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position, and help maintain the patient's body temperature Signup and view all the answers

Epinephrine stimulates the ________ response, increasing blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm.

sympathetic Signup and view all the answers

Patients may experience allergic reactions to which of the following substances?

All of these answers are correct Signup and view all the answers

The adult epinephrine auto-injector delivers mg of epinephrine, and the infant-child auto-injector delivers mg.

0.3; 0.15 Signup and view all the answers

The effects of epinephrine are typically observed within _________ following administration.

1 minute Signup and view all the answers

The goal of invaders such as bacteria and viruses is to __________.

use a human body as a home Signup and view all the answers

The stinger from a honeybee should be:

Scraped away from the skin Signup and view all the answers

Urticaria is the medical term for:

Hives Signup and view all the answers

When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will __________.

All of these answers are correct Signup and view all the answers

When an allergic reaction proceeds to life-threatening anaphylaxis, it will usually do so __________.

Quickly, within 30 minutes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications blocks the release of histamines?

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following signs/symptoms are indicative of respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction?

Tightness in the chest or throat Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sounds indicates swelling of the upper airway?

Stridor Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would MOST likely provide clues regarding the source of a patient's allergic reaction?

The environment in which the patient is found Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Patient Care in Allergic Reactions

A 19-year-old female with fire ant stings shows no epinephrine; oxygen administration and transportation to a hospital are critical.
A 37-year-old male experiencing a severe penicillin allergy without an auto-injector requires immediate oxygen, transport, and paramedic assistance.
Improvement after epinephrine administration may still leave patients anxious and tachycardic; close monitoring is essential.

Understanding Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis arises from an allergic reaction to injected poisons from stinging insects.
Defined as an extreme allergic response affecting multiple body systems.

Symptoms of Allergic Reactions

Local injury signs from insect bites include pain, heat, and a wheal, characterized as raised and well-defined.
Hypotensive allergy victims should receive high-flow oxygen, shock positioning, and temperature maintenance.

Mechanisms of Epinephrine

Epinephrine enhances the sympathetic response, raising blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm.
Effective dosages: adult injectors deliver 0.3 mg; infant-child injectors, 0.15 mg; effects seen within one minute post-administration.

Immune Response and Invaders

Bacteria and viruses aim to use the human body for proliferation rather than destruction.
Upon foreign substance invasion, the body activates protective measures.

Treatment Techniques for Specific Allergens

Honeybee stingers should be scraped away to prevent further venom release.
Urticaria medically refers to hives, a common symptom in allergic reactions.
Medications like diphenhydramine block histamine release, offering relief from allergic reactions.

Recognizing Symptoms of Airway Compromise

Symptoms of respiratory involvement include chest tightness; stridor indicates upper airway swelling.
Environmental factors often reveal clues about the source of allergic reactions.

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Description

This quiz covers essential aspects of patient care during allergic reactions, particularly focusing on anaphylaxis management and treatment protocols. It discusses symptoms, immediate actions required, and the mechanisms of epinephrine in emergency situations. Understanding these concepts is vital for healthcare professionals dealing with allergic reactions.