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Questions and Answers
What should an attending physician be notified of regarding a patient?
What should an attending physician be notified of regarding a patient?
What is an example of gross negligence?
What is an example of gross negligence?
What does a DNR/DNI order signify?
What does a DNR/DNI order signify?
What should be done if a patient is found to be under the influence of alcohol?
What should be done if a patient is found to be under the influence of alcohol?
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What does an advance directive outline?
What does an advance directive outline?
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What constitutes intentional misconduct in a medical setting?
What constitutes intentional misconduct in a medical setting?
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What is an implication of negligence in healthcare?
What is an implication of negligence in healthcare?
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Which scenario best illustrates battery in a clinical setting?
Which scenario best illustrates battery in a clinical setting?
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What is contributory negligence?
What is contributory negligence?
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What is a power of attorney?
What is a power of attorney?
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Which of the following best describes intentional misconduct?
Which of the following best describes intentional misconduct?
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What distinguishes a felony from a misdemeanor?
What distinguishes a felony from a misdemeanor?
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What constitutes assault?
What constitutes assault?
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What is the primary purpose of sentencing in criminal law?
What is the primary purpose of sentencing in criminal law?
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Which scenario best illustrates negligence?
Which scenario best illustrates negligence?
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What does battery typically refer to in legal terms?
What does battery typically refer to in legal terms?
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What is defined as the unjustifiable detention of a person, potentially involving a same-sex chaperone for undressing against their will?
What is defined as the unjustifiable detention of a person, potentially involving a same-sex chaperone for undressing against their will?
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Which of the following is considered a violation of privacy in a healthcare setting?
Which of the following is considered a violation of privacy in a healthcare setting?
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What does HIPAA primarily aim to ensure in healthcare?
What does HIPAA primarily aim to ensure in healthcare?
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What must a healthcare professional obtain before proceeding with a medical procedure?
What must a healthcare professional obtain before proceeding with a medical procedure?
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Which of the following is NOT a consequence of failing to obtain informed consent?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of failing to obtain informed consent?
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What can a patient do at any point during a procedure regarding their previously granted consent?
What can a patient do at any point during a procedure regarding their previously granted consent?
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What legal charge involves intentional infliction of harm to another individual?
What legal charge involves intentional infliction of harm to another individual?
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Which act describes malicious spreading of information that can lead to defamation?
Which act describes malicious spreading of information that can lead to defamation?
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What type of misconduct covers the failure to exercise reasonable care, resulting in damage or injury?
What type of misconduct covers the failure to exercise reasonable care, resulting in damage or injury?
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What is the consequence of wrongful detention or restraint of another person without just cause?
What is the consequence of wrongful detention or restraint of another person without just cause?
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Which situation would likely lead to a malpractice lawsuit?
Which situation would likely lead to a malpractice lawsuit?
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What should be provided to patients prior to performing a medical procedure?
What should be provided to patients prior to performing a medical procedure?
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When is it acceptable to examine a patient's genitalia without consent?
When is it acceptable to examine a patient's genitalia without consent?
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Which action could result in defamation claims against a healthcare professional?
Which action could result in defamation claims against a healthcare professional?
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Study Notes
Exam 2 Review
- Mostly: ethics, morals, patient care equipment
- Legal Terms: assault, negligence, battery
- Vital Signs: temperature (adult vs. pediatric), respiratory chart
- Glasgow Coma Scale
- Legal terms: tachycardia, bradycardia (used in teams)
- Code of ethics: Standard/Code
- Lines/tubes: where to place them, how they enter body, use of thumb
- Hospital Departments: NICU, ICU
- Bedside Equip: portable, things to watch out for in beds (e.g., for orthopedic traction)
- Suction equipment: major reasons to have it nearby (decompression for post-op or bowel obstruction)
Patient Assessment
- Introduction: Acknowledge, introduce self, duration of exam, best time for history
- History: Onset, duration/chronology, specific location, quality of symptoms, severity (1-10), aggravation/alleviation, associated manifestations.
- Physical Exam: Observation, comparison, measurement of condition before, during & after; Skin color/temp (cyanotic, diaphoretic), dry/hot/sweaty, pale/cool/diaphoretic, anxiety, additional instructions (written).
- Checking Chart: Review order before procedure, allergies, fall risk, DNR
- Levels of Consciousness (LOC): Alert, drowsy, unresponsive, reactive to painful stimuli, comatose.
- Glasgow Coma Scale: Numerical scale used to objectively assess LOC changes over time; scored on Eyes, Verbal, Motor Response.
Vitals
- Respiration: count breaths/min (normal is 12-20), bradypnea (<12), tachypnea (>20), orthopnea (inability to breathe when laying flat), dyspnea, hyperventilation.
- Temperature: methods (oral, axillary, rectal, tympanic) and information provided about metabolic state
- Pulse: measured in beats per minute (60-100 bpm average); tachycardia (>100), bradycardia (<60); weak/thready pulse indicates not pumping enough blood
- Blood Pressure: measured by sphygmomanometer and stethoscope; systolic and diastolic, normal ranges. Hypertension: 140-159/90-99, Stage 2: 160+/100+, Hypotension: <50
- Use Charts to look at age-related norms.
Common Lab Tests
- Complete blood cell count (CBC): information about blood cell types & numbers.
- Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR): measures inflammation.
Electronic Monitoring
- Oximeter: measures pulse rate and oxygen levels (normal: 95-100%).
- ECG (Electrocardiograph): measures the electrical activity of the heart; graphical display of waves (asystole, sinus rhythm).
Special Care Units
- PACU (Postanesthesia Care Unit): Recovery room for post-surgery patients
- Emergency Trauma Unit: assessment for injuries of spine, pelvis, chest; protection of patient & staff.
- ICU & CCU: Intensive Care Units, for critically ill
- NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit): care for premature, low-weight or health issue infants.
Ethics
- Personal Morality: based on lessons of right/wrong from early age (examples)
- Group Morality: Moral principles for groups.
- Kohlberg's Theory: individuals learn morality through experience (obedience, punishment).
- Professional Ethics: defines correct moral behavior in a professional context.
- Codes of Ethics & Ethical analysis: method of evaluating situations/conflicting values (identifying the problem, developing alternate solutions, selecting best solution, defending your selection) Ethical analysis (problem, solutions, selection, defense)
Patient Rights
- Considerate and Respectful Care
- Information: names, qualifications, copies of records, procedures explained by physician
- Privacy and Confidentiality: protection of dignity and modesty; chaperone presence; same sex, patient consent, HIPAA
- Informed Consent: explanation of risks/benefits of procedure.
- Right to Refuse: patient can revoke consent at any time.
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Description
This quiz covers essential topics in patient assessment, including ethics, legal terms, and vital signs. It also addresses proper use and placement of medical equipment, along with hospital department functions. Get ready to test your knowledge in preparing for Exam 2!
