Review Exam 2 PDF

Exam 2 Review  Exam 2 ~ -mostly ethics morals , , pt. Care equipment - 50 ? - legal terms fort , battery , assault , negligence - patie...

Exam 2 Review  Exam 2 ~ -mostly ethics morals , , pt. Care equipment - 50 ? - legal terms fort , battery , assault , negligence - patient history - lots on Vital signs-temp , adult vs peds - Respiratory Chart - -glascow come scale latin term w/ legal terms - tacycardia , brache cardia terms -standard/code of ethics ~ - diaphrnetic -lines & tubes - where should be how , they enter (ine-vessel -where take puse/how I don't use thumb ~ - diff hospital departments Nicu icu) ~ -. , bedside-portables , what to look out for in beds forthopedic traction) , - suction equipment major Reason , to have nearby /decompression for post-op or bowel obstruction)  PT Assesment ? techniques ing Acknowledge : ? · pt ended greet. open Introduce self · facilitation pt to continue encourage sharing -. Duration: how · long exam will take silence gives pt. time to think Explain exam:best time reflection/Reiteration confirming info. to collect history - Thank clarification/probing specific info ·. more pt - summarization-make sure you have all info. Elements of a history Chart Onset : what happened? How'd it start? Checking Duration/chronology : Continuous/constant? happened b4 ? · Review under b4 procedure specific location : where does it hurr ? Point to it ? · allergies - Red quality of symptoms: what's it feel like? Sharp/dull/throbbing Fall Risk-yellow · bad 1-10 ? severity of pain : how DNR-purple what aggravates/alleviates : what helps/makes worse? always sign" date chart when associated manifestations: may beRelated ? anything else Recording history PT Assesment 4 Levels of Consciousness (LOC) & (Alerto Ongoing conscious - observation comparison , measurement of pt's condition before " after , during , 2)Drowsy but Responsive procedure 3) Unconscious but Reactive to painful stimuli - Skin Color/skin temp i) Comatose -Cyanotic-bluish coloration of skin indicating Glasgow Coma Scale lack of oxygen flips , mouth nails) , numerical scale used to objectively assess changes Diaphoretic-cold LOC Over time - sweat in pt. - not dry Skin = Fever · scored on eyes verbal motor Response , -pale , cool diaphoretic-acutely ill 15 highest · , score possible cool , moist skin wet palms "Shakey hands anxiety - = pts. WI anxiety-difficulty concentrating , additional instructions written instructions , for follow-up  Vitals Respirations Temperature # of provides info of · · count breaths per min.. metabolic state 12-20 breaths/min be taken farmpit) · temp · = can Oral axillary or Rectal normal Range , , · bradypnea 12 breaths/min tympanic thermometer probe inserted in external · ear Canal - breaths/min · tachypnea 20 temporal artery thermometer-measures · artery > over temporal · Orthopnea-inability breathe when in forehead infrared sensor more accurate to using , flat Pulse laying Common dyspnea-difficulty breathing · · measured in beats per min Pulse Points 2 · hyperventilation · disturbs chemical balance average bpm 60-100 of blood cause fainting · use fingers on Radial antery firmly /15 sec x4 · Blood Pressure compress unless measured w/ sphygmomanometer Irregular Rate) · - stethoscope 1 systolic-top # of of · · action , measure pumping aspical pulse over apex & muscle 95-119 with , normal Range stethoscope diastolic-bottom # ability of · · , arterial tachycardia-abnormally Rapid pulse done to check system to accept blood forced into system - 100 bpm circulation after left ventricle contracts arteriogram · when , normal Range bradycardia-heart Rate -60 bpm 60-79 weak/thready pulse indicates & not hypertension-highbloodpressure on blood · Dumping enough 1 can't thumb be thumb has · Stage 90-99 use pulse 100 + 2 100 most severe stage + 198 hypotension low blood pressure 50 · - indication of shock Common Lab Tests Complete blood (CBC) · Cell Count - specific info about types & #s of cells in blood RBC hemoglobin hematocrit WBC count - , , , · Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR/sed rate] - determines presence/extent of infectious conditions & inflammatory processes  Common Lab Electronic PT Tests Monitoring Pulse Blood Clotting Assessments Oximeter · thrombus-blood clot formed of measures levels on the wall pulse Rate o oxygen a Vessel normal : 95-100 % Oxygen Range embolus thrombus that detaches from polish poor circulation · nail Reading - inaccurate may give - , vessel Wall Electrocardiograph Monitors Blood Chemistry Test measures electric activity of & displays graphically of biochemicals/analytes in · measure in blood waves Glucose-blood sugar asystole-cessation of activity flatline · test cardiac , · hyperglycemia-high glucose Sinus Rhythm-normal waveform EKG · level on Special Care Units hypoglycemia-low glucose · level Cholesterol-measure of sum total of lipoproteins PACU · HDL-high-density lipoproteins · Postanasthesia Care Unit ; "Recovery Room" LDL-low-density lipoproteins Bad) located outside surgery for ease of transferr & access BUN & Creatinine-nonprotein & Ortho hardware Nitrogeneous portables ordered · to ; check line placement, products & pneumothorax waste excreted by Kidneys atelectasis Rule out measures kidney, function Emergency Trauma Unit Serum Bilirubin-measures liver function · pointables ordered to assess injuries of spine , pelvis , " chest Specialty Equipment proper protection of pr & staff using lead aprons Beds" Mattresses protection of equipment from bodily Fluids "contact pts. · Equipment provides continual positiono pressure ICU & CCV Intensive Care & Coronary changes; decreases Requirement to turn. pt care units needing frequent monitoring for pts condition · · in alternating pressure air mattiness , , Rocking , critical bed , waves/floatation/bead mattress shield pt. & provide apron for those in Room moving beds turned off air bed fully inflated For XR must around cables ,pumps ,lines tubes etc. · maneuver · , , Warming/cooling Devices Chest XRay most common IR reflective blankets NICU · must be placed over Neonatal intensive · devices a care unit newborn that water alcohol nursery Use or Orthopenic Traction-pull · for low health issues on body premature , weight , Or Don't warm! change or alter traction must keep baby Have pt more as much as tolerable shield baby "gloves · handling : Use when gown. · · Ask nurse if unsure of allowed movement  Ethics personal morality-based on lessons of Right wrong taught to us from early age group morality-moral principles that to certain apply groups wh & Kohlberg's theory-how individuals learn morality through experience obedience punishment Ethics-branch of philosophy systematic Reflection morality ," applied morality" that is a on , Professional Ethics-define correct moral behavior in the context of performing professional duties Code of Ethics essential principles of ethical behavior for the group - > - insert code of ethics ARRT t insert Rule of ethics Ethical Analysis-method of evaluating situations in which connect action is in question; often conflicting values > 4 basic steps - I identifying the problem 2) developing alternate solutions 3) selecting best solution 1) defending your selection Responsible for decision implementing moral ethical agent-person Patient Rights Crimes Considerate & Respectful Tort-Civil committed by - Care individual wrong an against the · 2nd & 3rd code of ethics of another person or property Information felony-serious crime , violent or nonviolent ; punishment of - names & qualifications of takers death prison I care or gr Risks involved misdemeanor-less significant Crime ; trespassing petty , theft; copies of all Records punishment of fine , 1 ya jail probation community , , service techs explain procedures , only physician Intentional Misconduct can discuss diagnosis & treatment Assault-threat of touching in an injurious way & of Privacy Confidentiality Battery-unlawful touching consent - a person without · protect/respect Its modesty dignity. False Imprisonment- unjustifiable detention of a person same sex chaperone present for undressing against his/her will of affairs, genitalia examination Invasion Privacy-intrusion into pt private. disclosure of student needs pt permission to be present. private info , use of name for no photos w/o written consent fritten) steely or personal as gan HIPAA health & libel/slander-malicious of info spreading · insurance portability accountability act causing Informed Consent defamation or loss of Reputation provide full explanation of benefits of of Risko penalty-lawsuit , pay monetary damages , loss license, procedure" of outcomes not having it Potential unemployment Unintentional Misconduct Right to Refuse Pt Can Revoke consent any time during procedure Malpractice-act of negligence in the context of · a even after signing informed consent Relationship between professional & pt. notify attending physician if pt Refuses. negligence - neglect/omission of Reasonable care or not allowed if pt is drunk/head injury Caution; pt be of ID check xRay wrong. no Death with Dignity gross negligence negligent that involves - act · DNR/DNI "Reckless for life limb; disregard on greater · advance directive-outline of med. Care wishes penalty if decisions pt loses ability to make contributory negligence negligence in which behavior -. power of attorney-trusted person to make of injured party contributed to the injury. decisions corporate when hospital entity negligence as an - is negligent Lines " Tubes