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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a cause of atrophy?
What term describes a reduction in the size of an organ or tissue resulting from a decrease in cell size?
What is the main characteristic of hypertrophy?
Which of the following is an example of physiologic hypertrophy?
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Hyperplasia is defined as an increase in the __________ of cells in an organ or tissue.
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Which of the following is a pathologic cause of hyperplasia?
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Barrett's esophagus is an example of metaplasia in which the lower esophageal epithelium transforms from?
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Mesenchymal metaplasia is characterized by the transformation of __________ into osteoblasts or chondroblasts.
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Which of the following is NOT a histologic change associated with atrophy?
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Which form of adaptation involves an increase in the size of cells and the organ?
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Which of the following is a pathologic cause of hypertrophy?
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Which type of metaplasia is reversible?
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Study Notes
Cellular Adaptations
- Atrophy is a reduction in the size of an organ or tissue resulting from a decrease in cell size.
Hypertrophy
- Characterized by an increase in the size of cells and the organ.
- Example of physiologic hypertrophy: muscle hypertrophy in athletes.
- Pathologic cause of hypertrophy: high blood pressure (hypertension) leading to cardiac hypertrophy.
Hyperplasia
- Defined as an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue.
- Pathologic cause of hyperplasia: endometrial hyperplasia caused by prolonged exposure to estrogen.
Metaplasia
- Barrett's esophagus is an example of metaplasia, where the lower esophageal epithelium transforms from squamous epithelium to columnar epithelium.
- Mesenchymal metaplasia is characterized by the transformation of fibroblasts into osteoblasts or chondroblasts.
- Reversible type of metaplasia: squamous metaplasia.
Atrophy
- NOT a histologic change associated with atrophy: increase in the number of cells.
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Description
Test your knowledge of atrophy, hypertrophy, and cell changes with this quiz. Answer questions about the causes and characteristics of these physiological processes.
