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Questions and Answers
What is the main characteristic of type 2 diabetes?
What is the main characteristic of type 2 diabetes?
- Decreased hepatic glucose production
- Peripheral insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion (correct)
- Reduced breakdown of fat
- Excessive glucose transport into muscle cells
What contributes to the insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes?
What contributes to the insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes?
- Low levels of free fatty acids and proinflammatory cytokines in plasma
- High levels of insulin in plasma
- Elevated levels of free fatty acids and proinflammatory cytokines in plasma (correct)
- Low levels of insulin in plasma
What is the role of excess glucagon in type 2 diabetes?
What is the role of excess glucagon in type 2 diabetes?
- Regulates glucose transport into muscle cells
- Increases insulin secretion
- Reduces glucagon levels in the body
- Contributes to hyperglucagonemia and hyperglycemia (correct)
What was found to be at least 4-fold higher in normoglycemic individuals with high fasting plasma concentrations prior to the onset of diabetes?
What was found to be at least 4-fold higher in normoglycemic individuals with high fasting plasma concentrations prior to the onset of diabetes?
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Study Notes
Type 2 Diabetes Characteristics
- Insulin resistance is the main characteristic of type 2 diabetes.
Insulin Resistance Contributors
- Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes is contributed to by a combination of factors, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
Excess Glucagon Role
- Excess glucagon in type 2 diabetes further contributes to hyperglycemia by stimulating glucose production in the liver.
Risk Factors
- High levels of 1-h postload plasma glucose were found to be at least 4-fold higher in normoglycemic individuals with high fasting plasma concentrations prior to the onset of diabetes.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes with this quiz. Explore the key factors such as insulin resistance, inadequate insulin secretion, elevated free fatty acids, proinflammatory cytokines, and glucagon imbalance.
